Ex Oriente Lux. Studies in Honour of Jolanta Młynarczyk
Ex Oriente Lux. Studies in Honour of Jolanta Młynarczyk
Contributor(s): Krzysztof Jakubiak (Editor), Adam Łajtar (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Archaeology
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: Jolanta Młynarczyk; Mediterranean archaeology; Institute of Archaeology at Warsaw University; ceramics; archaeology of the Middle East
Summary/Abstract: A commemorative book in honour of professor Jolanta Młynarczyk, a long-time worker of the Institute of Archaeology at Warsaw University, a distinguished scholar, whose main fields of study were the archaeology of the Middle East in the Hellenistic-Roman and Byzantine periods and ceramics. The articles written by the outstanding Polish and foreign archaeologists and collected in the volume concern Egypt, Cyprus and the Levant.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-4107-3
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-4099-1
- Page Count: 448
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: English, French
PLATEIA, PEDION, “CANOPIC STREET”: ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF THE MAIN STREET OF ANCIENT ALEXANDRIA
PLATEIA, PEDION, “CANOPIC STREET”: ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF THE MAIN STREET OF ANCIENT ALEXANDRIA
(PLATEIA, PEDION, “CANOPIC STREET”: ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF THE MAIN STREET OF ANCIENT ALEXANDRIA)
- Author(s):Barbara Tkaczow
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:23-34
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:ancient Alexandria; ancient urbanism; architectural decoration
- Summary/Abstract:The street network of ancient Alexandria has been a subject of studies for nearly one and a half centuries, and successive archaeological discoveries throughout the years have enhanced and adjusted its image in different epochs. Even though many new and atypical streets have been discovered, scholars show unceasing interest in the principal longitudinal street of the ancient city, which they conventionally named “Canopic”. Ancient written sources use different terms to refer to it, yet its name is never stated. Ancient texts describe – usually very superficially – the dimensions of the street, its decoration, and the buildings located along its sides, as well as the different events in the history of the city that it witnessed. When archaeological evidence was added to the ancient descriptions, an impressive, nevertheless, ahistorical reconstruction of the appearance of the street was created, as the data from different epochs were matched incorrectly. The division of that evidence into three major periods in the history of ancient Alexandria shows that the first period (Ptolemaic and Early Roman) poses the biggest challenge in reconstruction, and the two which followed (Roman Imperial and Late Roman) have fuller archaeological documentation, even if occasionally difficult to distinguish precisely. The period when the street gradually ceases to be the principal artery of the new, Arabic, Alexandria is a separate scientific question for future study.
- Price: 4.50 €
TROIS MONNAIES « ISIAQUES » DE KÔM EL-DIKKA À ALEXANDRIE (SAISONS DE FOUILLES 1963–2006)
TROIS MONNAIES « ISIAQUES » DE KÔM EL-DIKKA À ALEXANDRIE (SAISONS DE FOUILLES 1963–2006)
(TROIS MONNAIES « ISIAQUES » DE KÔM EL-DIKKA À ALEXANDRIE (SAISONS DE FOUILLES 1963–2006))
- Author(s):Barbara Lichocka
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:35-44
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Alexandria; Antioch; Nicomedia; Nilus; Serapis; Maximinus Daia; Theodosius I; coins
- Summary/Abstract:Among coins registered during archaeological exploration of Kom el Dikka in Alexandria, seasons 1963–2006, there are three specimens representing a bust of Serapis, Deo sancto Sarapidi on the obverse and a reclining figure of Nilus, Deo sancto Nilo, with the mintmark of Alexandria, on the reverse. The series, labelled as semi-autonomous or civic anonymous coinage, is attributed to the fourth century AD, but precise dating is still a subject for debate. Recently, J. van Heesch, M.-Chr. Marcellesi and E.A. Arslan studied this issue offering various dating: 312, the period between 306–317, and 364–395, respectively. Also, the Antioch and Nicomedia mints produced, at that time, series showing, on the obverses, busts of gods rather than those of an emperor and figural representations of various gods on the reverses. The choice of subjects may be interpreted as a manifestation of an old pagan tradition or an expression of the propaganda against the growing power of Christian religion. Depictions of Serapis and Nilus on the Alexandrian series attest to a mindful choice of deities whose worship in fourth century Egypt was still of great importance. Traces of scratching and twisting on one of the coins may signify that the message of the depictions had not always been approved of.
- Price: 4.50 €
FIGURINES, SITES ET CONTEXTES DANS L’ÉGYPTE GRÉCO-ROMAINE. ÉTUDES DE CAS PROVINCIAUX: DE TELL EL-HERR À BOUTO
FIGURINES, SITES ET CONTEXTES DANS L’ÉGYPTE GRÉCO-ROMAINE. ÉTUDES DE CAS PROVINCIAUX: DE TELL EL-HERR À BOUTO
(FIGURINES, SITES ET CONTEXTES DANS L’ÉGYPTE GRÉCO-ROMAINE. ÉTUDES DE CAS PROVINCIAUX: DE TELL EL-HERR À BOUTO)
- Author(s):Pascale Ballet
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:45-71
- No. of Pages:27
- Keywords:Tell el-Herr; Buto; archaeological contexts; coroplastic; iconography; multiculturalism
- Summary/Abstract:In the wake of the multi-fields aims and methods used by Jolanta, the author is trying to show in this paper the relations between terracotta figurines, contexts, and sites, based on two settlements located in the Eastern and Western Delta in the Graeco-Roman periods, namely Tell el-Herr and Buto. She reveals first the difficulty to get closed contexts, secondly the diversity of the iconographical aspects through the terracotta figurines in a society we can define as multicultural, and finally the porosity of the borders between the so-called Graeco-Roman features and the Egyptian ones. It seems, except in some rare cases, that the use, the type or the “style” of the figurines were interchangeable from the house to the tomb and the production areas, thus making more complex a possible cultural identification of the population which was using these objects.
- Price: 4.50 €
MORE ABOUT THE DIONYSIAN THIASOS IN PTOLEMAIC ATHRIBIS (LOWER EGYPT)
MORE ABOUT THE DIONYSIAN THIASOS IN PTOLEMAIC ATHRIBIS (LOWER EGYPT)
(MORE ABOUT THE DIONYSIAN THIASOS IN PTOLEMAIC ATHRIBIS (LOWER EGYPT))
- Author(s):Karol Myśliwiec
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:73-84
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Athribis; Tell Atrib; Ptolemaic Period; Dionysos; Osiris; Isis-Hathor-Aphrodite; coroplathy; pottery
- Summary/Abstract:One of the most important results of the Polish-Egyptian excavations at Tell Atrib (Lower Egyptian Athribis) was the discovery of a large group of artefacts crafted by local artists and artisans, mainly coroplasts, potters, sculptors and faience producers. Iconographic features of these objects confirm the hypothesis that a Dionysian thiasos existed in Athribis in the first half of the Ptolemaic Period. Moreover, they prove that Egyptian religious traditions, and particularly the cult of Osiris, were progressively incorporated into the Greek rite.
- Price: 4.50 €
BRAZIERS FROM ATHRIBIS (NILE DELTA)
BRAZIERS FROM ATHRIBIS (NILE DELTA)
(BRAZIERS FROM ATHRIBIS (NILE DELTA))
- Author(s):Anna Południkiewicz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:85-96
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Graeco-Roman Egypt; Athribis; Tell Atrib; pottery; braziers; lugs; Dionysiac iconography
- Summary/Abstract:Portable braziers were used for cooking and heating food. Hellenistic braziers are distinguished by a rich relief decoration placed on the lugs for holding a pot with food. The collection from Athribis presented in this paper consists of nine decorated lugs, one decorated ventilation opening, and one complete brazier, discovered during the work of the Polish-Egyptian mission in well-stratified layers.
- Price: 4.50 €
EMPRESS AND AFRICAN: TWO FEMALE IMAGES ON TERRACOTTA OIL LAMPS FROM THE RED SEA PORT OF BERENIKE
EMPRESS AND AFRICAN: TWO FEMALE IMAGES ON TERRACOTTA OIL LAMPS FROM THE RED SEA PORT OF BERENIKE
(EMPRESS AND AFRICAN: TWO FEMALE IMAGES ON TERRACOTTA OIL LAMPS FROM THE RED SEA PORT OF BERENIKE)
- Author(s):Iwona Zych
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:97-103
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:oil lamp; Berenike; Red Sea trade; Byzantine empress; African; venationes; Tunisian workshops; ARS; imitation
- Summary/Abstract:Two early sixth-century terracotta oil lamps from Berenike are an indirect witness to the sources of trade (and the people involved in the commerce) that passed through the Red Sea port. Oil lamps made of clay were rarely a commodity for sale, yet they traveled inconspicuously, part of the personal luggage or a luxury item, more a souvenir or a gift than a traded item. In a harbor like Berenike, a melting pot of different cultures and tastes, their presence reflects the major and minor players on the local commercial scene. These two special pieces, one absolutely unique in terms of the iconography of its decoration, showcase the individual preferences of their otherwise anonymous owner: on one hand, a belief in the protective power of the image of a Byzantine empress in fifth and sixth century Mediterranean society and, on the other, a taste for the exotic, a portrait head of an African woman (?), expressed in craft work.
- Price: 4.50 €
HORUS AND SETH REVISITED. AN INCIDENT ON THE NILE DESCRIBED BY A ROMAN POET
HORUS AND SETH REVISITED. AN INCIDENT ON THE NILE DESCRIBED BY A ROMAN POET
(HORUS AND SETH REVISITED. AN INCIDENT ON THE NILE DESCRIBED BY A ROMAN POET)
- Author(s):Adam Łukaszewicz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:105-110
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Egypt; Dendera; Ombos; crocodile; Horus; Seth; Juvenal
- Summary/Abstract:In their descriptions of Egypt, ancient writers mention conflicts inspired by religious differences. Strabo writes that the inhabitants of Tentyra (Dendera) differ from the rest of Egyptians, since they hate the crocodile most of all the animals. Juvenal states that in his time, during a conflict between two neighbouring towns, Tentyra and Ombos, one of the Tentyritae was captured by the enemy party and eaten raw. The aggressors were the Tentyritae. They were defeated by the inhabitants of Ombos and lost one of their fellow citizens. It seems that the Ombitae, who by the second century AD no longer practiced human sacrifice, found in the battle an opportunity to commit a cruel act of ritual cannibalism. The struggle between the worshippers of Seth (Ombos) and those of Horus (Dendera) seems to be inspired by the legend of the assassination of Osiris by Seth who dismembered his brother’s body, and the vengeance of Osiris’ son Horus. Horus had an important place in the religious life of Dendera. The Ombitae were worshippers of the crocodile, the animal of Seth. Horus appears in Egyptian iconography in various forms, including Harpocrates (“Horus the infant”). In the Roman period Seth is often represented as a crocodile. An echo of the mythical struggle between the Egyptian deities still survives in some modern works of art. In a square of the city of Warsaw there is a sculpture by Stanisław Jackowski (1887–1951) showing a little boy fighting with a crocodile, which should be interpreted as Harpocrates, the young Horus, in a struggle with Seth in his animal form.
- Price: 4.50 €
A NUBIAN LADY IN CYPRUS
A NUBIAN LADY IN CYPRUS
(A NUBIAN LADY IN CYPRUS)
- Author(s):Nancy Serwint
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:111-124
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Cyprus; Marion; terracotta; votive; Nubia; sanctuary
- Summary/Abstract:Since 1993, a team from Princeton University has been working in Cyprus, excavating Marion, one of the ancient city kingdoms, and its successor city, Arsinoe. During exploration, two sanctuaries, dating to the Iron Age, were discovered, each containing an extraordinary number of votives, with terracotta sculptural offerings numbering over 30,000 fragments. In the earlier sanctuary, dedicated to a female deity who had affinities with a Near Eastern fertility goddess, a remarkable, nearly life-size terracotta female head was recovered, which had originally belonged to a full-length statue. The head is striking because it displays a unique physiognomy that markedly differs from facial features of other female votive sculpture dating to the latter half of the sixth century BC. Entirely made by hand, the hair and details of the Marion head find their closest parallels in representations of Nubians. That a life-size votive statue representing a foreigner was dedicated in a Cypriot sanctuary is unusual, although ancient sources record that during the sixth century Ethiopians were resident on the island. After the Pharaoh Amasis had acquired control of Cyprus in 570 BC., Ethiopian administrators were appointed, and the Marion head might be a dedication offered by a foreign bureaucrat or his wife.
- Price: 4.50 €
NEA PAPHOS, FONDATION CHYPRIOTE OU LAGIDE? NOUVELLES CONSIDÉRATIONS SUR LA GENÈSE DU PORT ET DE LA VILLE
NEA PAPHOS, FONDATION CHYPRIOTE OU LAGIDE? NOUVELLES CONSIDÉRATIONS SUR LA GENÈSE DU PORT ET DE LA VILLE
(NEA PAPHOS, FONDATION CHYPRIOTE OU LAGIDE? NOUVELLES CONSIDÉRATIONS SUR LA GENÈSE DU PORT ET DE LA VILLE)
- Author(s):Claire Balandier
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:125-145
- No. of Pages:21
- Keywords:Paphos; city foundation; harbour; katoikia; city walls; Nikokles; Ptolemy
- Summary/Abstract:Nea Paphos is generally considered to have been founded by Nikokles, the last king of Paphos. Some scholars have proposed that Ptolemy may have founded the new city ca. 312 BC or after 294 BC. In this paper, the author tries to analyse and summarise the different proposals and suggests another hypothesis, namely that the foundation was not the result of a global scheme but instead, of different steps. Nikokles seems to have created the harbour, Ptolemy may have established a military settlement (katoikia), and then, once becoming king, and after taking control of the island again from 294 BC onwards, may have encouraged the development of the city. Is it possible that the Antigonids playeda role in the development of its harbour when they controlled the island between 306 and 294 BC. Nevertheless, it is only after Paphos becomes the seat of the Ptolemaic strategos in the early second century BC, probably after the Ptolemaic fleet was withdrawn from the Aegean in 145 BC, that Nea Paphos is protected by a strong city walls with perhaps another protected harbour in front of the North West gate: the intra muros city seems to have been enlarged and reshaped as a small version of Alexandria in Cyprus, until its destruction by an earthquake in the last quarter of the first century BC and its rebuilding under Augustus’ auspices.
- Price: 4.50 €
THE EVOLUTION OF THE RELIGIOUS TOPOGRAPHY OF PAPHOS UNDER THE REIGN OF NIKOKLES
THE EVOLUTION OF THE RELIGIOUS TOPOGRAPHY OF PAPHOS UNDER THE REIGN OF NIKOKLES
(THE EVOLUTION OF THE RELIGIOUS TOPOGRAPHY OF PAPHOS UNDER THE REIGN OF NIKOKLES)
- Author(s):Yannick Vernet
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:147-156
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Cyprus; Paphos; Nikokles; ancient religion; divinities; religious policy; religious topography
- Summary/Abstract:Nikokles, the last Paphian king, marked the history of Cyprus beyond the kingdom of Paphos. During his reign, ca. 325/321–311/309 BC, he tried to take advantage of the troubled political context in the Mediterranean area resulting from so-called Wars of the Diadochi. Paphos saw a lot of transformations and innovations under Nikokles who was a very active sovereign. This is especially illustrated by how religion was deeply linked to secular power. The religious activity of the last Paphian king is particularly visible through the inscriptions which form the main source of this paper. The cult evolution as well as the sacred topography of the kingdom of Paphos are analysed in order to show how crucial they were for the ideological and political plan of Nikokles. The study of this religious policy leads us to the question of the real ambition of the king and his possible role in the foundation of the future Nea Paphos.
- Price: 4.50 €
IN SEARCH OF PTOLEMAIC PALACES...
IN SEARCH OF PTOLEMAIC PALACES...
(IN SEARCH OF PTOLEMAIC PALACES...)
- Author(s):Monika Rekowska-Ruszkowska
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:157-173
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Ptolemaic residences; Ptolemais; Palazzo delle Colonne; Nea Paphos; Fanari hill
- Summary/Abstract:The article aims to present one of the most famous residences of the ancient world known as Palazzo delle Colonne in Ptolemais, in Cyrenaica. Even if the initial designation “palace” seems slightly exaggerated, the building’s layout, the stylistic criteria of the architecture and decoration as well as historical factors permit the building to be interpreted as an authentic palace understood as the seat of a Ptolemaic official of some importance or even a temporary residence of a Ptolemaic ruler, Ptolemy VIII or/and Ptolemy IX. As such, it is of paramount interest in the search for and research on the Ptolemaic palace(s) in Nea Paphos.
- Price: 4.50 €
AMPHORE CINÉRAIRE PEINTE HELLENISTIQUE DE PALAEPAPHOS
AMPHORE CINÉRAIRE PEINTE HELLENISTIQUE DE PALAEPAPHOS
(AMPHORE CINÉRAIRE PEINTE HELLENISTIQUE DE PALAEPAPHOS)
- Author(s):Eustathios Raptou
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:175-189
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:amphora; burial customs; Hellenistic period; incineration; painted decoration; Palaepaphos
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper we present an amphora unearthed in a tomb in the Hellenistic and Roman cemetery of Palaepaphos, situated in the locality Phones, to the West of the sanctuary of Aphrodite. The amphora dates to the early Hellenistic period and although its shape is common among local ceramic production, it bears a polychrome decoration of a wreath with ribbons on a white ground, which distinguishes it from other Cypriot vases of the same period. The vase contained burnt human remains, which means that it was used as a cinerary urn. This cinerary urn is the first to be found in Palaepaphos and is also an important addition to the limited number of cremations known for the whole area of Paphos at the same period. In this paper we discuss the shape and decoration of the amphora, cremation as a burial custom introduced to Cyprus in the Hellenistic period and we try to place that discovery inside its wider archaeological and historical frame.
- Price: 4.50 €
A FRAGMENT OF A ROYAL OINOCHOE FROM NEA PAPHOS
A FRAGMENT OF A ROYAL OINOCHOE FROM NEA PAPHOS
(A FRAGMENT OF A ROYAL OINOCHOE FROM NEA PAPHOS)
- Author(s):Demetrios Michaelides
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:191-196
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:oinochoe; faience; royal cult; domestic cult; Arsinoe II; House of Orpheus; Nea Paphos
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents a fragment of a faience royal oinochoe found in the excavation of the House of Orpheus in Nea Paphos. Although very small, it adds significantly to the evidence for the cult of Ptolemaic sovereigns in Cyprus, especially its domestic aspect.
- Price: 4.50 €
“CENTURIES OF DARKNESS” REVISITED: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM CYPRUS, BETWEEN CA. AD 150 AND AD 350
“CENTURIES OF DARKNESS” REVISITED: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM CYPRUS, BETWEEN CA. AD 150 AND AD 350
(“CENTURIES OF DARKNESS” REVISITED: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FROM CYPRUS, BETWEEN CA. AD 150 AND AD 350)
- Author(s):John Lund
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:197-207
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Cyprus; second to fourth century AD; excavations; surveys; Nea Paphos; Soloi; Salamis; Kourion; crisis; connectivity; climatic change; Empire-wide diseases; Late Antique recovery
- Summary/Abstract:The contribution takes a fresh look at the archaeology of Cyprus between ca. AD 150 and 350, departing from a review of the excavations and surveys carried out in the island over the last decades. The evidence suggests that some settlements – particularly in the central and northern parts of the island – had by then been abandoned and that economic activities were at a low level elsewhere, even if Nea Paphos, Soloi, Salamis and Kourion were apparently less severely affected. Some scholars have seen these developments as symptoms of a crisis. The situation may in part be explained with a shift in the productive and/or trading frameworks of the Eastern Mediterranean that seems to have occurred aft er about AD 150. Connectivity between Cyprus and the Western Mediterranean deteriorated, the climate changed for the worse, and Empire-wide diseases may have caused a demographic downturn. However, the underlying reasons were no doubt more complex than that, and there seems to have been a resurgence under the Severans. Recovery seems to have set in during the first half of the fourth century AD, and Late Antiquity is commonly regarded as a flourishing period in Cyprus.
- Price: 4.50 €
INSCRIPTIONS DISCOVERED DURING THE WORK OF THE POLISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL MISSION IN KATO (NEA) PAPHOS
INSCRIPTIONS DISCOVERED DURING THE WORK OF THE POLISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL MISSION IN KATO (NEA) PAPHOS
(INSCRIPTIONS DISCOVERED DURING THE WORK OF THE POLISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL MISSION IN KATO (NEA) PAPHOS)
- Author(s):Adam Łajtar
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:209-220
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Cyprus; Nea Paphos; Greek inscriptions; Flavian emperors; city personifi cations
- Summary/Abstract:The article showcases eleven stone inscriptions found during the work of the Polish archaeological mission in Kato (Nea) Paphos. The inscriptions, mostly fragmentarily preserved, occurred in secondary contexts in different areas of the Villa of Theseus, House of Aion, and Hellenistic House. They can be dated between the second century BC and the second/third centuries AD on palaeographic grounds. The lot includes fragments of honorific inscriptions, the titulus of a statue showing a personifi cation of the city of Paphos, an owner’s signature (?), and an epitaph.
- Price: 4.50 €
LES FIGURES DE RHÉTORIQUE ET L’ANTITHÈSE DANS LA NARRATION ALLÉGORIQUE DE LA MOSAÏQUE DE LA MAISON D’AIÔN À PAPHOS (CHYPRE)
LES FIGURES DE RHÉTORIQUE ET L’ANTITHÈSE DANS LA NARRATION ALLÉGORIQUE DE LA MOSAÏQUE DE LA MAISON D’AIÔN À PAPHOS (CHYPRE)
(LES FIGURES DE RHÉTORIQUE ET L’ANTITHÈSE DANS LA NARRATION ALLÉGORIQUE DE LA MOSAÏQUE DE LA MAISON D’AIÔN À PAPHOS (CHYPRE))
- Author(s):Marek Tycjan Olszewski
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:221-250
- No. of Pages:30
- Keywords:Roman visual art; Roman mosaics; ancient rhetoric; antithesis; allegory; Pagans and Christians; Cyprus; Late Antiquity
- Summary/Abstract:The author observes that the mosaic of the House of Aion (Nea Paphos, Cyprus) employs rhetorical figures in its iconographic program, including analogy, personification, allegory, and, in the first line, antithesis. The rhetoric and its figurative language is a constant element of speeches and writings since the fifth century BC until almost the fifth century AD. Yet, this method of reasoning, argumentation and persuasion is also used in the narrative and polemical language of Roman iconography. The paper is a “case study” of the employment of rhetorical methods in the Roman visual art and especially in Roman mosaics.
- Price: 4.50 €
ΤΑ ΚΥΠΡΙΑΚA. THE COLLECTION OF CYPRIOT ANTIQUITIES IN THE JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN CRACOW
ΤΑ ΚΥΠΡΙΑΚA. THE COLLECTION OF CYPRIOT ANTIQUITIES IN THE JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN CRACOW
(ΤΑ ΚΥΠΡΙΑΚA. THE COLLECTION OF CYPRIOT ANTIQUITIES IN THE JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN CRACOW)
- Author(s):Ewdoksia Papuci-Władyka
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:251-258
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Cypriot antiquities; antiquities collections; Jagiellonian University
- Summary/Abstract:This article offers a description of the collection of Cypriot antiquities in the possession of the Jagiellonian University Institute of Archaeology in Cracow. It gives a concise history of the collection together with information about the state of its publication, and characterises three categories of objects represented in it, namely pottery, terracotta figurines and stone sculptures.
- Price: 4.50 €
A PHOENICIAN BEARDED MALE MASK FROM TEL AKKO
A PHOENICIAN BEARDED MALE MASK FROM TEL AKKO
(A PHOENICIAN BEARDED MALE MASK FROM TEL AKKO)
- Author(s):Martha Risser, Rachel Ben-Dov, Ragna Stidsing, Jane C. Skinner, Michal Artzy, Ann E. Killebrew
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:259-279
- No. of Pages:21
- Keywords:Phoenicia; mask; Akko; metalworking; Phoenician cult
- Summary/Abstract:A ninth-century Phoenician mold-made terracotta mask of an idealized, bearded adult male was found recently during archaeological excavations at Tel Akko. Similar masks have been found at other sites in the Levant and on Cyprus. The context of the Akko mask is a secondary fill in the area of the tel with a long tradition of metalworking. Items recovered with the mask include fragments of figurines and other cult-related items, as well as pottery. This paper provides a discussion of the mask, its archaeological context, and ways in which it may have been used.
- Price: 4.50 €
HELLENISTIC VESSELS FROM THE PHOENICIAN SANCTUARY IN CHHIM (CENTRAL LEBANON)
HELLENISTIC VESSELS FROM THE PHOENICIAN SANCTUARY IN CHHIM (CENTRAL LEBANON)
(HELLENISTIC VESSELS FROM THE PHOENICIAN SANCTUARY IN CHHIM (CENTRAL LEBANON))
- Author(s):Urszula Wicenciak
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:281-286
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Hellenistic vessels; Phoenicia; Chhim; Lebanon
- Summary/Abstract:Chhim is located in the foothills of central Lebanon, 10 km to the east of the Mediterranean coast and about 20 km north-east of Sidon. During the Roman and Byzantine periods, the area of Chhim was one of the most active production centres of olive oil and wine in the central Phoenician area. The results of the fieldwork carried out in the area of Chhim and the analysis of the pottery recovered during this work demonstrated that the site had not been regularly settled until the turn of the eras. Fragments of Hellenistic vessel forms found underneath the second century AD temple should be linked to the religious practices that took place there in the period prior to the establishment of the settlement.
- Price: 4.50 €
THE ROMAN TEMPLE IN CHHIM, LEBANON: THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE FAÇADE
THE ROMAN TEMPLE IN CHHIM, LEBANON: THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE FAÇADE
(THE ROMAN TEMPLE IN CHHIM, LEBANON: THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE FAÇADE)
- Author(s):Krzysztof Jakubiak
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:287-299
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Lebanon; Roman temple; architectural decoration; bas-reliefs; shrine
- Summary/Abstract:The Roman temple in the Lebanese village of Chhim has an interesting architectural decoration with a symbolical meaning. Analysis of the ornaments of the façade clearly shows that the temple was rearranged at least twice. The final phase involved bas-reliefs that arguably indicate that both Phoenician and Syrian inspirations co-existed in the Lebanese mountains under Roman rule.
- Price: 4.50 €
QUELQUES COROPLASTIES DE PALESTINE AUX MOTIFS DE COMBATS
QUELQUES COROPLASTIES DE PALESTINE AUX MOTIFS DE COMBATS
(QUELQUES COROPLASTIES DE PALESTINE AUX MOTIFS DE COMBATS)
- Author(s):Jean-Baptiste Humbert
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:301-308
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Philadelphia/Amman; citadel; mould; votive plaque; gladiators; combatants; circus games; funerary rituals
- Summary/Abstract:A fragment of a ceramic mould discovered in the Roman strata of the citadel of Amman (ancient Philadelphia) provides opportunity to present several erratic images of gladiators known from the Near East. The mould shows two gladiators, more properly secutors, in combat. Other examples, found in Gaza (a figurine of bone and a fragment of a lamp disc), represent gladiators and scenes of equestrian combats. The author makes the hypothesis that the gladiatorial combats, with which one originally celebrated the death of a soldier, produced a popular iconography, desacralized but connected with the funerary sphere.
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KHIRBET SARA (JORDAN), 1983
KHIRBET SARA (JORDAN), 1983
(KHIRBET SARA (JORDAN), 1983)
- Author(s):François Villeneuve
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:309-322
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Jordan; Sar; Ammonite; tower; Roman period; sanctuary; Ayyubid; Mamluk; village; arcade; arcosolia; sarcophagi
- Summary/Abstract:Khirbat Sara is an important multiperiod archaeological site west of Amman, where Jolanta Mlynarczyk started a project in 2018. The author surveyed it 35 years earlier, after exploration by archaeologists in 1881, 1904 and 1937. This paper includes a description of the ruins, their environment, their architecture and the surface pottery. Three main phases are suggested: a late Ammonite (sixth/fifth century BC or later) agricultural estate around a strong square tower (“Qasr al-Sar”); a Roman sanctuary with significant decoration; an extensive Ayyubid / Mamlouk village.
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WALL PAINTINGS, WALL MOSAICS, AND MARBLE WALL REVETMENTS IN EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCHES OF THE SOUTHERN LEVANT
WALL PAINTINGS, WALL MOSAICS, AND MARBLE WALL REVETMENTS IN EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCHES OF THE SOUTHERN LEVANT
(WALL PAINTINGS, WALL MOSAICS, AND MARBLE WALL REVETMENTS IN EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCHES OF THE SOUTHERN LEVANT)
- Author(s):Julia Burdajewicz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:323-334
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:wall paintings; wall mosaics; marble wall revetments; decorative pavements; Early Christian churches; Levant; prices; raw materials; workmanship
- Summary/Abstract:This paper examines the underexplored subject of the wall decorations of Early Christian churches. In its first part, the evidence of the presence of wall paintings, wall mosaics, and marble wall revetments in Early Christian churches of the Levant is presented. For each of the listed sites, the type of paving employed is considered. From this juxtaposition of recorded types of wall and floor decorations emerge two principal decorative schemes: one involving wall paintings coupled with opus tessellatum, the other featuring wall mosaics combined with marble wall revetment and pavements. It is proposed that both aesthetic and monetary reasons account for the development of these two schemes and that the choice of either of these schemes reflects the prominence of the church or the wealth of the patron. The value of particular types of decorative techniques considering both the costs of materials and of the workmanship is examined in the last section of this paper.
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THE BYZANTINE AND EARLY-ISLAMIC PERIODS AT DEIR AZIZ: A METHODOLOGICAL QUESTION OF PERIOD IDENTIFICATION BETWEEN SURVEY AND EXCAVATION
THE BYZANTINE AND EARLY-ISLAMIC PERIODS AT DEIR AZIZ: A METHODOLOGICAL QUESTION OF PERIOD IDENTIFICATION BETWEEN SURVEY AND EXCAVATION
(THE BYZANTINE AND EARLY-ISLAMIC PERIODS AT DEIR AZIZ: A METHODOLOGICAL QUESTION OF PERIOD IDENTIFICATION BETWEEN SURVEY AND EXCAVATION)
- Author(s):Chaim Ben David
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:335-344
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Deir Aziz; Golan; survey; Early Islamic; Late Roman Red Ware
- Summary/Abstract:Settlement history of ancient sites can be determined through both archaeological survey and excavation. However, survey results and excavations results often provide differing data, especially concerning time periods, and particularly when it comes to Early Islamic-period sites. This article examines pottery from the Hellenistic through the Ottoman periods recovered in the ancient settlement of Deir Aziz, east of the Sea of Galilee. The main focus is on the absence at Deir Aziz of Early Islamic-period pottery types in the survey, in contrast to the excavation, where these types constituted a signifi cant quantity of the finds. The article highlights the salient difference between the excavation and the survey at Deir Aziz in the quantity of cooking bowls of form 1E and the ratio of Late Roman Red Ware to local Byzantine period pottery. Additional sites with similar results in the Golan and Galilee are also presented, along with a comparison with the numismatic evidence. The significance of the difference between excavation and survey results at Deir Aziz in understanding the site’s settlement history are discussed, as well as the methodological significance of this study for other sites and regions.
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SOME REMARKS ON THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE NORTH-WEST CHURCH AT HIPPOS (SUSITA)
SOME REMARKS ON THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE NORTH-WEST CHURCH AT HIPPOS (SUSITA)
(SOME REMARKS ON THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE NORTH-WEST CHURCH AT HIPPOS (SUSITA))
- Author(s):Mariusz Burdajewicz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:345-361
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Late antique Palestine; Hippos; Susita; Decapolis; North-West Church; Ionic order; Roman and Byzantine architecture
- Summary/Abstract:Between 2000–2009, the Polish archaeological team under the direction of Jolanta Młynarczyk excavated the so-called North-West Church at Hippos (Susita), one of the cities of the Decapolis located on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. The excavations yielded a rich body of evidence pertaining, among other things, to the various aspects of the church architecture and decoration in Byzantine-Umayyad Palestine. This article is a preliminary summary of the architectural decoration of the church which was built in the sixth century and finally destroyed in the earthquake of 749. It includes the presentation and discussion of the architectural elements like capitals, columns, and column bases. The capitals belong to the so-called blocked-out family of capitals representing the simplified version of the Ionic order. This type of capital has not yet been the topic of systematic and detailed studies, despite the fact that it is often foundas an architectural element in several buildings in the cities of the northern Decapolis, such as, for example, Gadara and Abila. The monolithic column bases used in the church are of the Attic-type, widespread in the eastern Mediterranean from the Herodian period onwards.
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LITURGY AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE. THE REDUCTION OF SACRAL SPACE OF CHURCHES IN THE CITIES OF JUND AL-URDUNN
LITURGY AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE. THE REDUCTION OF SACRAL SPACE OF CHURCHES IN THE CITIES OF JUND AL-URDUNN
(LITURGY AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE. THE REDUCTION OF SACRAL SPACE OF CHURCHES IN THE CITIES OF JUND AL-URDUNN)
- Author(s):Piotr Makowski
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:363-372
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:church; sacral space; restoration; earthquake; Early Islamic period; Jund al-Urdunn
- Summary/Abstract:The following paper attempts to examine the process of narrowing of sacral space in churches during the Early Islamic period through the prism of urban changes in the cities of Jund al-Urdunn. An analysis of selected examples shows that after the destruction caused by earthquakes, many churches were only partially restored. Because of the enormous restoration efforts or decreasing needs of Christian communities, they were usually reduced only to the area of the nave or aisles, leaving the remaining parts of the previous edifice in a state of ruin. The phenomenon under discussion seems to be an underestimated aspect of the remarkable continuity of sacral topography during the first centuries after the Islamic conquest. It can be considered also as a symptom of a changing approach to the urban space and the particular resilience of Christians.
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MOULDS AND MOULD-MADE CERAMICS FROM THE JARASH HIPPODROME POTTERS’ WORKSHOPS
MOULDS AND MOULD-MADE CERAMICS FROM THE JARASH HIPPODROME POTTERS’ WORKSHOPS
(MOULDS AND MOULD-MADE CERAMICS FROM THE JARASH HIPPODROME POTTERS’ WORKSHOPS)
- Author(s):Ina Kehrberg-Ostrasz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:373-383
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:pottery figurines; moulds; moulded vessels; Roman; Byzantine; pottery workshops; Gerasa/Jarash hippodrome; replicas; iconography; chronology
- Summary/Abstract:This paper presents a collection of pottery moulds for ceramic figurines and moulded vessels from the 1984–1996 excavations (Dir. Antoni Ostrasz) of the pottery workshops at the hippodrome site of Gerasa/Jarash. The discussion focuses on their scarcity or singular occurrences among vast amounts of pottery, mould-made lamps and lamp moulds from the Classical periods’ workshops at the site. It is posited that figurines, unlike lamps, are not mass produced and instead ordered by clients and made for specific festivals, elucidating the lack of figurine fragments among the vast pottery waste of workshops which included many lamp fragments. The producer–vendor and client relationship is examined based on the comparison of a small number of finds from other excavated sites in Gerasa/Jarash where figurines had evidently been used. Lastly the paper reflects on replications of mould-made figurine and lamp types in antiquity and iconographic dating criteria in varying find contexts.
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A CLAY TOBACCO PIPE FROM RAMLA
A CLAY TOBACCO PIPE FROM RAMLA
(A CLAY TOBACCO PIPE FROM RAMLA)
- Author(s):Anna De Vincenz
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:385-390
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Ottoman smoking pipes; black ceramic pipes; Ottoman period; smoking; Ramla
- Summary/Abstract:Presented here is a rare complete Ottoman smoking pipe made of dark gray clay and highly burnished. The pipe is decorated with intricate arabesque garlands, impressed palm branches, leaves, and rouletted patterns. This pipe seems to be locally made, probably in the seventeenth or eighteenth century, combining local elements, such as the floralpattern, and imported ones.
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RIVAGES DE LA MER MORTE: PHOTOGRAPHIES INÉDITES, FIN 1908 – DÉBUT 1909
RIVAGES DE LA MER MORTE: PHOTOGRAPHIES INÉDITES, FIN 1908 – DÉBUT 1909
(RIVAGES DE LA MER MORTE: PHOTOGRAPHIES INÉDITES, FIN 1908 – DÉBUT 1909)
- Author(s):Jean-Michel De Tarragon
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:391-398
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:old photos; Dead Sea; École biblique; Jules Prickartz
- Summary/Abstract:The article presents 12 out of 45 photos taken by a young Belgian Jules Prickartz during a journey along the shores of the Dead Sea in winter 1908/9, organised by École biblique, and attended by its members, their students and some invited persons. The photos show the way of journeying, life on the stops, sightseeing, landscapes, and ethnographic phenomena.
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“ARE YOU EATING ALL THIS, MISTER MARCUS?” TOWARDS A STUDY OF ANCIENT SICILIAN FOOD PRODUCTS AND DIET
“ARE YOU EATING ALL THIS, MISTER MARCUS?” TOWARDS A STUDY OF ANCIENT SICILIAN FOOD PRODUCTS AND DIET
(“ARE YOU EATING ALL THIS, MISTER MARCUS?” TOWARDS A STUDY OF ANCIENT SICILIAN FOOD PRODUCTS AND DIET)
- Author(s):Roksana Chowaniec
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:399-410
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:ancient diet; Sicily; Mithaecus; Archestratus; cooking-books
- Summary/Abstract:This paper presents the history of Sicilian cuisine in antiquity based on written sources and modern scholarship. Ancient Sicily, owing to its central position in the Mediterranean world and abundance of fertile lands, provides a perfect opportunity to study ancient culinary preferences. Research in the ancient town of Akrai, located in south-eastern Sicily serves as an archaeological example.
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OIL LAMPS ATTRIBUTED TO THE GAMOS WORKSHOP FOUND IN PTOLEMAIS, CYRENAICA
OIL LAMPS ATTRIBUTED TO THE GAMOS WORKSHOP FOUND IN PTOLEMAIS, CYRENAICA
(OIL LAMPS ATTRIBUTED TO THE GAMOS WORKSHOP FOUND IN PTOLEMAIS, CYRENAICA)
- Author(s):Maria Jaworska
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:411-421
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Gamos workshop; terracotta lamps; Cyrenaica; Crete
- Summary/Abstract:During almost ten years of Polish excavations in Ptolemais (Libya), a signifi cant number of terracotta lamps from the Roman Imperial period have been discovered. While searching for supra-regional parallels, it appeared that most of the analogies were found on Crete within a group of locally produced lamps attributed to the workshop of Gamos, operating in the second century AD. This led to an attempt to collect information on all known forms and decorative motifs attributed to the above-mentioned workshop. The finds from Ptolemais presented here constitute an important group in light of still on-going discussion on the provenance, functioning and distribution of lamps signed ΓΑΜΟΥ, and in a broader context, provide a glimpse on the relations between both parts of the province.
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RHIZON – CAPITAL OF THE ILLYRIAN KINGDOM – SOME REMARKS
RHIZON – CAPITAL OF THE ILLYRIAN KINGDOM – SOME REMARKS
(RHIZON – CAPITAL OF THE ILLYRIAN KINGDOM – SOME REMARKS)
- Author(s):Piotr Dyczek
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:423-433
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Rhizon; Illyria; Ballaios; fortifi cations; palatial complex
- Summary/Abstract:Archaeological excavations (carried out by the University of Warsaw Centre for Research on Antiquity of South-Eastern Europe) on the site of ancient Rhizon/Risinum (modern Risan in Montenegro) brought to light a great amount of small finds, often of unique character, which testify to the importance and richness of this town in Hellenistic times. Equally important was the discovery of architectural remains, which show that Rhizon played a major role in the third century BC, perhaps that of a capital of the Illyrian Kingdom. Rhizon seems to have been especially connected with King Ballaios. A large, 4656-coin hoard, mostly representing his mint, not only demonstrates the wealth of some of the town’s inhabitants, but also the existence of a developed monetary system at that time. The importance of Rhizon is further confirmed by Cyclopean walls encircling the Lower Town, and the palatial complex, most probably built in the third century BC and remodelled at the end of the same century.
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HELLENISTIC HOUSING IN WESTERN TANAIS
HELLENISTIC HOUSING IN WESTERN TANAIS
(HELLENISTIC HOUSING IN WESTERN TANAIS)
- Author(s):Marcin Matera, Tomasz Scholl
- Language:English, French
- Subject(s):Archaeology
- Page Range:435-448
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Tanais; Western Tanais; Polish excavations; Hellenistic period; housing
- Summary/Abstract:Since 1999, the archaeological expedition of the Centre for Research on Antiquity of South-Eastern Europe and the Institute of Archaeology of the University of Warsaw have conducted excavations in the western part of Tanais, a Greek city located near the mouth of the Don River. Up till now, ca. 1300 square metres have been investigated, which resulted in unearthing Hellenistic architectural remains – fortifications and walls and floors of residential buildings. The paper is an attempt of a detailed description of the architectural complexes unearthed in this part of the town. A comparison with the results of earlier Russian excavations is also made.
- Price: 4.50 €