Historiography in Motion. Slovak Contributions to the 21st International Congress of Historical Sciences
Historiography in Motion. Slovak Contributions to the 21st International Congress of Historical Sciences
Contributor(s): Roman Holec (Editor), Rastislav Kožiak (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Geography, Regional studies, Energy and Environmental Studies, Modern Age, Recent History (1900 till today), Theology and Religion, Security and defense, Culture and social structure , Nationalism Studies, History of Communism, Migration Studies, Identity of Collectives
Published by: Historický ústav SAV
Summary/Abstract: Slovak historians have participated in the activities of International Committee of Historical Sciences/Comité international des sciences historiques (ICHS/CISH) at the very outset of “that global community of historians”, that is, since 1926. Until 1993, Slovak historians were represented in ICHS/CISH by joint Czechoslovak National Committee of Historians; since 1993, by Slovak National Committee of Historians. Size of the Slovak participation was diverse in different periods. During the First Czechoslovak Republic, Slovak professional historiography was only at its starting stage, so it was not visible on the international forum. After 1948, there were good conditions for a professional progress of the Slovak historical science, but it was politics that entered that process. Violent interferences into the spontaneous development of historiography deformed the historical knowledge, but restrained the greater participation of Slovak historians on international activities as well. In the period of 1950-1954, the Czechoslovak National Committee of Historians, as well as other national committees in the Soviet bloc, did not exercise its membership in ICHS/CISH. The contacts between the Slovak historians and global historical community branched out intensively after 1989. A choice of a represent to The World Congresses was not dependant on political institutions, but solely on historians. Till 1989, the representation was determined by totalitarian regime that favoured historians mostly without any scientific background. Starting from Madrid congress in 1990, Slovak historians, who were able to communicate with the global historical forum, successively participated in international activities. However, it was not a rapid but a consecutive process, because Slovak historiography needed some time for reaching the standards of international historical science and its dominant trends. The World Congresses of ICHS/CISH reflect trends, tendencies and thematic shifting in international historiography. It is manifested at the individual associations, commission sessions and round table programmes. Participation of the Slovak historians in The World Congresses was not numerous even after 1989. At present, there exists any substantial difference in the thematic area more, which we have felt yet at the Montreal congress in 1995, but problem of the Slovak participation is of another nature now: Slovak academic institutions are not able to send more historians to congress, because their budgets are sill very short. Meanwhile, there are competent historians either of the elder, but mainly of the younger generation, who could react and contributed to the challenges of the world historiography. We have realised this before the 19th congress at Oslo in 2000. Slovak National Committee of Historians arranged a publication for Oslo Congress: Slovak contributions to the 19th congress of historical sciences, Bratislava 2000 (ed. Dušan Kováč), 243 pp. Slovak historians, in eighteen studies, contributed to the twelve thematic sessions chosen for the congress. The 21st World Congress of ICHS/CISH in Amsterdam is a breakthrough event for the Slovak historiography. There are six contributions by Slovak historians to the programme, one of them is in major theme One, and a Slovak historian is an organiser of one of the sessions. However, Slovak historiography, who the congress programme regards as a challenge and as a demonstration of the running trends in the world historiography as well, has already branched that far that it is able to deal with the chosen themes in much more extent than the active participation at the congress allows. It is a reason why the Slovak National Committee of Historians decided to publish a special volume in which we offer some congress themes to the world community in Amsterdam. Electronic form of the volume is not only economical ant time-saving, but handy as well. We are ready to present this e-publication to the participants of the congress.
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-80-89388-81-8
- Page Count: 168
- Publication Year: 2010
- Language: English, French
Foreword
Foreword
(Foreword)
- Author(s):Dušan Kováč
- Language:English
- Subject(s):History, Recent History (1900 till today), Editorial
- Page Range:4-5
- No. of Pages:2
- Summary/Abstract:Slovak historians have participated in the activities of International Committee of Historical Sciences/Comité international des sciences historiques (ICHS/CISH) at the very outset of “that global community of historians”, that is, since 1926. Until 1993, Slovak historians were represented in ICHS/CISH by joint Czechoslovak National Committee of Historians; since 1993, by Slovak National Committee of Historians. Size of the Slovak participation was diverse in different periods. During the First Czechoslovak Republic, Slovak professional historiography was only at its starting stage, so it was not visible on the international forum. After 1948, there were good conditions for a professional progress of the Slovak historical science, but it was politics that entered that process. Violent interferences into the spontaneous development of historiography deformed the historical knowledge, but restrained the greater participation of Slovak historians on international activities as well. In the period of 1950-1954, the Czechoslovak National Committee of Historians, as well as other national committees in the Soviet bloc, did not exercise its membership in ICHS/CISH.
Le pouvoir et le sacré : Aspects de la christianisation des Avars et des Slaves sur le Danube moyen
Le pouvoir et le sacré : Aspects de la christianisation des Avars et des Slaves sur le Danube moyen
(Power and the sacred: Aspects of the Christianization of Avars and Slavs on the Middle Danube)
- Author(s):Rastislav Kožiak
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, History, Geography, Regional studies
- Page Range:6-28
- No. of Pages:23
- Keywords:Christianization of Avars and Slavs; Middle Danube; Middle Age;
- Summary/Abstract:Avant 1989, la recherche historique sur la christianisation des Slaves se voit handicapée par les exigences de l‘idéologie imposées aux sciences historiques, d’où l’absence d’une recherche plus approfondie orientée vers l’aspect religieux de l’évolution des sociétés du haut Moyen Age. Les chercheurs manquaient de confrontation naturelle avec les études faites au-delà du « rideau de fer » où la recherche historico-ecclésiastique avançait toujours en élargissant non seulement sa base factuelle et événementielle, mais aussi en subissant des transformations importantes dans le domaine de l’approche méthodologique, allant de l’histoire de l’Eglise traditionnelle, conçue de façon institutionnelle, vers l’histoire religieuse, et touchant également le processus compliqué de la réception du christianisme. Avec le recul du temps, les conséquences de ces limitations se sont faites sentir sous forme d’interprétations sché- matiques bien enracinées qui expliquaient comme une coupure le déroulement de la transition du paganisme au christianisme, et envisageaient ce processus comme émanant d’une réforme administrative où le contenu comme le résultat devait être un fait accompli.
Power of rituals and rituals of power: Religious and secular rituals in the political culture of medieval Kingdom of Hungary ...
Power of rituals and rituals of power: Religious and secular rituals in the political culture of medieval Kingdom of Hungary ...
(Power of rituals and rituals of power: Religious and secular rituals in the political culture of medieval Kingdom of Hungary ...)
- Author(s):Dušan Zupka
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Geography, Regional studies, Middle Ages, Theology and Religion, Culture and social structure , Sociology of Religion
- Page Range:29-42
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Power of rituals; rituals of power; Kingdom of Hungary; Medieval Studies; Middle Age;
- Summary/Abstract:The study of rituals and the symbolic forms of public communication is one of the main directions in contemporary Medieval Studies. The aim of this article is to point out the role and significance of ritualised behaviour for medieval society - that means the so-called power of rituals. For this purpose we shall observe in detail category of rituals of power, which belong to the most widespread and most studied ways of symbolic communication. Strong interconnection between profane and the sacred in Middle Ages is also evident in the sphere of ritualised behaviour. Religious and secular rituals acted synchronically next to each other and therefore, they shall be equally represented in our study.
Perception and reception of the Byzantine heritage in the region of eastern Slovakia and the Podkarpatska Rus, and the formation of religious and cultural identity. Looking for the border between the East and the West. (Frontiers and Boundaries)
Perception and reception of the Byzantine heritage in the region of eastern Slovakia and the Podkarpatska Rus, and the formation of religious and cultural identity. Looking for the border between the East and the West. (Frontiers and Boundaries)
(Perception and reception of the Byzantine heritage in the region of eastern Slovakia and the Podkarpatska Rus, and the formation of religious and cultural identity. Looking for the border between the East and the West. (Frontiers and Boundaries))
- Author(s):Václav Ježek
- Language:English
- Subject(s):History, Geography, Regional studies, Theology and Religion, Culture and social structure , Identity of Collectives
- Page Range:43-61
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:eastern Slovakia; Podkarpatska Rus; Byzantine heritage; formation of religious and cultural identity;
- Summary/Abstract:The following contribution discusses the Byzantine religious-cultural heritage in relation to the region of contemporary eastern Slovakia and Subcarpathian Rus (nowadays part of Ukraine). Formerly this region and its vicinity belonged to the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. This area offers many insights into religious history and religious sociology and it was an area where a unique religious tradition developed, which had roots in the Byzantine religious culture, brought to central Europe by saints Cyril and Methodius in the ninth century.
The use of border signs in the Carpathian region: Contribution to the understanding of borders in the Middle and Early Modern Age
The use of border signs in the Carpathian region: Contribution to the understanding of borders in the Middle and Early Modern Age
(The use of border signs in the Carpathian region: Contribution to the understanding of borders in the Middle and Early Modern Age)
- Author(s):Pavol Maliniak
- Language:English
- Subject(s):History, Geography, Regional studies, Middle Ages, 16th Century
- Page Range:62-76
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Carpathian region; Early Modern Age; Middle Age; border sign;
- Summary/Abstract:Closer attention has been paid to historical phenomenon of borders over the recent years. And yet the research does not only focus on traditional themes such as e.g. stability or mobility of borders. The research evaluates borders as manifestation of proprietary, political, ethnical, lingual, cultural and religious relationships. Presence and influence of borders is associated with social and religious awareness which was in different forms related to environment and influenced men’s activities in the past. Borders as well as other areas marked with crosses are related to mentioned categories. Numerous studies have concerned within individual European regions with themes of crosses and signs located in the landscape, especially on stones. We are familiar with complex elaboration of this topic e.g. from Switzerland or Sweden. Within the frame of Central and Eastern Europe, systematic researches from Czech Republic and Belarus have produced remarkable results. Particular localities in Slovenia and Poland have been evaluated according to interdisciplinary procedures mostly using the knowledge from religious studies, semiotics, ethnology and archaeology. Here we would like to focus on extension, forms, functions and meaning of border signs, mainly crosses, in the central region of Carpathian Mountains in Slovakia. The area developed in the Middle Age and modern times’ Hungarian kingdom where it belonged politically. Borders gained specific function in this multicultural environment when they could often present only formal barrier within opened civilisation area. On the contrary, real proprietary and administrative division of the area determined its continual existence. The work from Hungarian ethnographer Lajos Takács, where the author have assessed modern times evidence of cultural importance of border stones in christened folk society, has enriched the research of relationship with the studied region. In our own contribution we have been concentrating on mapping of border crosses occurrence in territorial-administrative unit of Zvolen County during broader time period from the 13th till 18th/19th century. symbols in Zvolen County as well as in neighbouring regions in the Middle Ages and in the early modern times. Subsequently we will interpret gained knowledge on the basis of comparative study considering the particularities of local development. On the example of selected areas, besides the characteristics of borders in formal and functional aspects, we will also point out its position within thoughts and ideas of both urban and rural inhabitants.Closer attention has been paid to historical phenomenon of borders over the recent years. And yet the research does not only focus on traditional themes such as e.g. stability or mobility of borders. The research evaluates borders as manifestation of proprietary, political, ethnical, lingual, cultural and religious relationships. Presence and influence of borders is associated with social and religious awareness which was in different forms related to environment and influenced men’s activities in the past. Borders as well as other areas marked with crosses are related to mentioned categories. Numerous studies have concerned within individual European regions with themes of crosses and signs located in the landscape, especially on stones. We are familiar with complex elaboration of this topic e.g. from Switzerland or Sweden. Within the frame of Central and Eastern Europe, systematic researches from Czech Republic and Belarus have produced remarkable results. Particular localities in Slovenia and Poland have been evaluated according to interdisciplinary procedures mostly using the knowledge from religious studies, semiotics, ethnology and archaeology. Here we would like to focus on extension, forms, functions and meaning of border signs, mainly crosses, in the central region of Carpathian Mountains in Slovakia. The area developed in the Middle Age and modern times’ Hungarian kingdom where it belonged politically. Borders gained specific function in this multicultural environment when they could often present only formal barrier within opened civilisation area. On the contrary, real proprietary and administrative division of the area determined its continual existence. The work from Hungarian ethnographer Lajos Takács, where the author have assessed modern times evidence of cultural importance of border stones in christened folk society, has enriched the research of relationship with the studied region. In our own contribution we have been concentrating on mapping of border crosses occurrence in territorial-administrative unit of Zvolen County during broader time period from the 13th till 18th/19th century. symbols in Zvolen County as well as in neighbouring regions in the Middle Ages and in the early modern times. Subsequently we will interpret gained knowledge on the basis of comparative study considering the particularities of local development. On the example of selected areas, besides the characteristics of borders in formal and functional aspects, we will also point out its position within thoughts and ideas of both urban and rural inhabitants.
Nationalism, idea of the nation-state and the Habsburg Monarchy
Nationalism, idea of the nation-state and the Habsburg Monarchy
(Nationalism, idea of the nation-state and the Habsburg Monarchy)
- Author(s):Dušan Kováč
- Language:English
- Subject(s):History, Modern Age, Nationalism Studies
- Page Range:98-109
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Habsburg Monarchy; Nationalism; nation-state;
- Summary/Abstract:Throughout the history of mankind, a state has become the most widespread and most important form of social organization. In the course of history we come into contact with big states, i.e. empires, small states, as well as city-states where one municipality actually takes on a dimension of an independent state. Throughout the history of a state, on the other hand, we can see various internal forms of political organization, i.e. various state-political systems.
Migration des habitants de la Russie après 1917 et la Tchécoslovaquie (1918-1939)
Migration des habitants de la Russie après 1917 et la Tchécoslovaquie (1918-1939)
(Migration of the inhabitants of Russia after 1917 and Czechoslovakia (1918-1939))
- Author(s):L'ubica Harbuľová, Bohumila Ferenčuhová
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Recent History (1900 till today), Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Migration Studies
- Page Range:110-120
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:migration; Czechoslovakia; Russia;
- Summary/Abstract:La fin de la première guerre mondiale, les changements géopolitiques dans les différentes zones du monde et de l’Europe, l’émergeance de nouveaux Etats et leur évolution politique momentanée formaient la base, entre autre, pour la migration des habitants. La chute de l’Empire des Romanov en Russie a ouvert la voie aux changements politiques en Europe de l’Est. L’usurpation du pouvoir par les bolchéviks en automne 1917, la guerre civile successive, la suppression de tous les centres de résistance au bolchévisme partout en Russie et l’affermissement du pouvoir bolchévik non seulement sur tout le territoire de la Russie, mais aussi dans les régions qui, après la chute du tsarisme, ont proclamé l’indépendance – Biélorussie, Ukraine, Géorgie – constituaient dans sa totalité les facteurs déterminants la première vague de l’émigration politique provenant de l’Europe centrale au 20e siècle.
The international context of the technological changes of the Slovak power engineering base in the first half of the 20th century
The international context of the technological changes of the Slovak power engineering base in the first half of the 20th century
(The international context of the technological changes of the Slovak power engineering base in the first half of the 20th century)
- Author(s):Ľudovít Hallon, Miroslav Sabol
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Economic history, Recent History (1900 till today)
- Page Range:125-133
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:technological changes; power stations; Slovakia;
- Summary/Abstract:Electrification began in the last quarter of 19th century with construction of inplant power stations and municipal power stations that generated the electric energy for consumption in the neighbouring surroundings. The overhead electric current distribution was enforced in the developed countries already in the nineties of the 19th century. In the economically underdeveloped territories of Europe it was at the beginning of the 20th century. Building of he first overhead electric lines represented the transition of electrification from its initial stage, denominated as the local one, towards the higher regional stage. Development of the integrated regional energy supply systems implied the culmination of the regional electrification stage. It was terminated with mutual interconnections of these systems during the twenties and thirties, of the 20th century. In the countries of more developed parts of world the electrification was ended with construction of nationwide electrification networks during the forties and fifties years of the 20th century.
Anti-Communist Activities of the Exile White Legion and Its Operation by the State Security in Slovakia
Anti-Communist Activities of the Exile White Legion and Its Operation by the State Security in Slovakia
(Anti-Communist Activities of the Exile White Legion and Its Operation by the State Security in Slovakia)
- Author(s):Vladimír Varinský
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Recent History (1900 till today), Security and defense, Post-War period (1950 - 1989), History of Communism
- Page Range:134-145
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:White Legion; anti-communist resistance; State Security in Slovakia;
- Summary/Abstract:The White Legion constituted one of the longest-enduring manifestations of anti-communist resistance. It operated from Austria and coordinated activities in Slovakia mainly from 1950-1955; however, its influence persisted until the 1960s. It applied unorthodox methods of resistance that emphasized the psychological preparation of people, and thus it threatened the Achilles’ heel of the totalitarian regime and eventually turned out to be the most effective tool in the inner disintegration of the regime. The White Legion’s broadcaster was the first of its kind; broadcasters Slobodná Európa (Free Europe) and Hlas Ameriky (Voice of America) only started broadcasting one year later.
Learning to crawl before we can walk (Gender in historical research (not only) in Slovakia)
Learning to crawl before we can walk (Gender in historical research (not only) in Slovakia)
(Learning to crawl before we can walk (Gender in historical research (not only) in Slovakia))
- Author(s):Gabriela Dudeková Kováčová
- Language:English
- Subject(s):History, Gender Studies
- Page Range:146-167
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:Gender studies; Slovakia;
- Summary/Abstract:In the last two decades the research in Gender History has intensified in countries of the former Soviet block. The potency of gender related historical research in terms of adding new approaches to mainstream political history, and especially its position at the interface of social sciences was (and still is) evaluated very positively. Particularly in East-European countries, there were expectations of creating an institutional basis for this sub-discipline, and hopes for new cooperation and exchange with regions, where Women’s and Gender History have a longer tradition. New gender specific projects, results and impulses were being anticipated.
List of Authors
List of Authors
(List of Authors)
- Author(s):Author Not Specified
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Essay|Book Review |Scientific Life
- Page Range:168-168
- No. of Pages:1