Języki specjalistyczne w komunikacji interkulturowej
Specialized Languages in Intercultural Communication
Contributor(s): Anetta Buras-Marciniak (Editor), Stanisław Goźdź-Roszkowski (Editor)
Subject(s): Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: intercultural communication; linguistics; media discourse; judicial decisions; blogs
Summary/Abstract: Publikacja stanowi próbę szerszego spojrzenia na problematykę języków specjalistycznych. Wychodzi ona poza ramy badawcze wyznaczane tradycyjnie przez lingwistykę, glottodydaktykę czy translatorykę. W prezentowanym zbiorze przedmiotem refleksji oraz obiektem analizy jest użycie języka w różnych kontekstach komunikacyjnych, zwłaszcza instytucjonalnych, ukazywanych z perspektywy międzykulturowej. Rozdziały zostały przygotowane przez pracowników powstałej w 2018 roku Katedry Języków Specjalistycznych oraz Komunikacji Międzykulturowej Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, a także przez zaproszonych specjalistów z wiodących ośrodków badawczych w Polsce. Wszystkie teksty mają charakter zdecydowanie autorski przy jednoczesnym obszernym przeglądzie najnowszej literatury – zarówno w języku polskim, jak i w językach obcych.
Series: Uniwersytet Łódzki
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8220-072-0
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8220-071-3
- Page Count: 168
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: Polish
Wstęp
Wstęp
(Introduction)
- Author(s):Anetta Buras-Marciniak, Stanisław Goźdź-Roszkowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:7-9
- No. of Pages:3
Lingwistyczne podstawy badań specjalistycznej komunikacji międzykulturowej
Lingwistyczne podstawy badań specjalistycznej komunikacji międzykulturowej
(Linguistic foundations of research on specialized intercultural communication)
- Author(s):Sambor Grucza
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:11-20
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:specialized intercultural communication; languages for specialized purposes; specialized competences; intercultural competences; specialized knowledge
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the linguistic foundations of research on intercultural specialized communication from the point of view of anthropocentric communicology. It must be assumed that in these studies, firstly, specialized intercultural communication is based on communication competence, within which one can distinguish (a) specialized language competence, (b) specialized discursive competence, (c) specialized cultural competence and (d) specialized intercultural competence. Secondly, it is necessary to distinguish between (i) specialized idiolects, specialized knowledges and specialized idiocultures, (ii) specialized polylects, specialized knowledges, and specialized polycultures, (iii) models of specialized languages, models of specialized knowledges, and models of specialized cultures. The paper discusses and develops these issues.
Wymiar gatunkowy zdania odrębnego i jego uzasadnienia na przykładzie orzeczeń Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w Polsce. Zarys problematyki
Wymiar gatunkowy zdania odrębnego i jego uzasadnienia na przykładzie orzeczeń Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w Polsce. Zarys problematyki
(A genre-based view on separate opinion and its justification. An exploratory study of the Constitutional Tribunal opinions)
- Author(s):Stanisław Goźdź-Roszkowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:21-31
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:judicial discourse; separate opinion; legal communication; genre analysis
- Summary/Abstract:Surprisingly, there has been very little research into separate opinions in the legal linguistics literature. Very scarce attention has been paid to the linguistic and communicative aspects of how judges frame their disagreement. This chapter is one of the first attempts to examine the institution of votum separatum or separate opinion in the institutional context of Poland’s Constitutional Tribunal. It starts with an overview of the concept, its functions and the range of recipients. This is then followed by an examination of its form and structure. The study demonstrates how judges tend to employ highly formulaic expressions to signal their disagreement despite the absence of clear guidelines that would prescribe ways in which their stance should be communicated. In addition, the analysis shows that declaring votum separatum and providing its justification are two different acts, not only legally but also linguistically, especially in terms of their formulaicity. Finally, directions for future research are outlined.
Makrostruktura tekstów orzeczeń sądowych na przykładzie polskich i francuskich wyroków
Makrostruktura tekstów orzeczeń sądowych na przykładzie polskich i francuskich wyroków
(Macrostructure of the texts of court decisions on the example of Polish and French judgments)
- Author(s):Paulina Nowak-Korcz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:33-47
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:judicial decision; judgment; comparable texts; macrostructure; ratio decidendi
- Summary/Abstract:This article concerns the comparative analysis of Polish and French Civil Court judicial decisions. Although the analyzed texts of judicial decisions are rooted in the culture of civil law and feature many similarities between the systems of Polish and French laws, both Polish and French judgments differ at the level of the global, graphic structure of texts. The article discusses the macrostructure of Polish and French judgments and their importance in the translation process. Next, selected problems emerging during their translation are presented in order to familiarize translators and interpreters with difficulties arising from the specific style and form of civil law judgments. The study is based on the analysis of comparable texts, as well as the model of pragmatic translation of legal terms proposed by Kierzkowska (2002). In addition, it is based on empirical observations of expressions and structures typical of Polish and French judgments. The author also emphasizes the special role of comparable texts in specialised translation and advocates the need to distinguish comparable and parallel texts.
Wielojęzyczność w tłumaczeniach unijnych na przykładzie orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym
Wielojęzyczność w tłumaczeniach unijnych na przykładzie orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym
(Multilingualism in translations of the EU – the case law of Court of Justice of the European Union in the interdisciplinary perspective)
- Author(s):Joanna Kozłowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Translation Studies, EU-Legislation
- Page Range:49-59
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:multilingualism; translation; EU; Court of Justice of EU; precedent; interdisciplinary
- Summary/Abstract:Multilingualism has been considered one of the most crucial features of the European Union. The constant development of that international organisation calls for a new perspective on the legal translation in the European Union. It is argued that the distinctive nature of the EU translation should be regarded as a reason for o separating it from the theory of legal translation. It is also suggested that the EU translation should be approached from the interdisciplinary perspective as it may provide a broader field of research. Furthermore, such perspective may contribute to a better understanding of the influence of language on the development of the EU case law and it may lead to a better recognition of linguistic precedents in the judgements of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Blogi w dyskursie korporacyjnym: język, rola i funkcje
Blogi w dyskursie korporacyjnym: język, rola i funkcje
(Blogs in corporate discourse: language, role and functions)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Fronczak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:61-78
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:corporate blogs; corporate communication; corporate discourse; corpus linguistics; discourse analysis
- Summary/Abstract:The subject of this paper is the presentation of corporate blogs as a new form of corporate communication, their linguistic and discursive characteristics and the role they perform in corporate communication. The analyses of corporate blogs combine corpus linguistics methodologies (McEnery, Wilson 1996) and discourse analysis (Partington, Duguid, Taylor 2013) with the use of corpus tools, such as computational programs „Wmatrix4” (Rayson 2008) and „Word Smith 4.0” (Scott 1996), necessary to conduct quantitative analyses. The research material constitutes a corpus of English-language corporate blogs, compiled by the author, which consists of 500 randomly selected corporate blog posts taken from the corporate blogs run by ten top corporations from the field of Business Process Outsourcing and Information Technology. The study is the first attempt at a systematic and detailed linguistic description of corporate blogs. The results show that corporate blogs are unique texts due to their hybrid nature. In addition, it has been demonstrated that they fulfil promotional, persuasive as well as advisory and informative functions. Also, corporate blogs are used to reinforce corporate culture, corporate identity and corporate image. As a result, the authors of corporate blogs provide their readers with the impression of a more personal type of communication, which departs from a typical business model, as well as attract and persuade them to maintain and strengthen the business relationship. The results of the study provided an up-to-date, systematic and detailed description of the language used in corporate blogs, their role and functions in corporate discourse as well as their generic status.
Teksty farmaceutyczne i dyskurs farmaceutyczny: definicje, specyfika i krótki przegląd pola badawczego
Teksty farmaceutyczne i dyskurs farmaceutyczny: definicje, specyfika i krótki przegląd pola badawczego
(Pharmaceutical texts and pharmaceutical discourse: definitions, specificity and an overview of research field)
- Author(s):Łukasz Grabowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:79-93
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:pharmaceutical texts; pharmaceutical discourse; professional discourse; text varieties
- Summary/Abstract:This chapter aims to familiarize readers with the specificity of pharmaceutical discourse, including its spoken and written text varieties. I paid particular attention to two issues. Firstly, pharmaceutical discourse and pharmaceutical texts are often classified by researchers into broader category of medical or biomedical discourse. Second, pharmaceutical discourse is not autonomous as it is also permeated with medical, legal, academic and other discourses. Next, pharmaceutical discourse was described in greater detail using descriptive models proposed by Bhatia (2004) and Gunnarson (2009). Finally, a selection of research studies, including linguistic and interdisciplinary ones, conducted on certain pharmaceutical text types and genres, both spoken and written, were presented to provide a more comprehensive overview of the research field.
O języku przyrodniczym i łowieckim w komunikacji międzykulturowej. Studium przypadku
O języku przyrodniczym i łowieckim w komunikacji międzykulturowej. Studium przypadku
(About natural sciences and hunting language in intercultural communication. A case study)
- Author(s):Aleksandra Ewelina Matulewska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:95-104
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:LSP; language of natural sciences; language of hunting; language for specific purposes; teaching LSPs
- Summary/Abstract:Not much is written about communication in the languages of natural sciences and hunting. Only a few authors explore literature and the language of forestry or hunting (Dynak 1988, 1991a, 1991b, 1993, 1994, 2004, 2012; Jóźwiak Z. 2004; Jóźwiak J. 2013; Kloc 2019; Kościelniak-Marszał 2013; Pajewska 2003; Przybecki 2008). At the same time, these languages, both in Poland and abroad, have not been researched into so far from a broader comparative perspective in the field of intercultural communication. First of all, monolingual dictionaries are available on the market (e.g. Hoppe 1970; Gawin 2016; Jóźwiak; Biały 1994; Kozłowski 1996; Krzemień 1986; Szałapak 2004). In addition, you can find several bilingual dictionaries of the forestry or hunting language in Polish-English (Kloc 2013, 2015; Witkowska 2010), Polish-German (Niedbał 1917; Żeromski 1990; Klin et al. 2006) pairs and vice versa, but there are no dictionaries for other language pairs, e.g. Polish-French. There are also no papers devoted to communication problems, despite the fact that books on nature sciences and hunting are translated from various languages into Polish, and there is a market demand for translators ensuring effective interlingual communication during hunting trips. The aim of the work is to present the problems of intercultural communication in the field of natural sciences and hunting language. The results presented in the work were obtained by analyzing the work of students participating in a specialist translation course. A qualitative analysis of the mistakes made by students has been made and conclusions have been drawn as to how well a student of philological studies is prepared to translate natural science texts, including hunting texts.
Wybrane cechy języka medycznego – terminologia, normalizacja, gatunki tekstów medycznych i relacje międzygatunkowe
Wybrane cechy języka medycznego – terminologia, normalizacja, gatunki tekstów medycznych i relacje międzygatunkowe
(Selected features of the medical langauge – terminology, standardization, medical genres and genre shift)
- Author(s):Wioleta Karwacka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:105-118
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:medical language; medical terminology; genre shift
- Summary/Abstract:This article discusses selected features of the medical language with special emphasis on Polish and English. The first discussed feature is medical terminology, in particular: Greek and Latin influences, eponyms and acronyms. The medical language is a controlled one, which is another aspect presented in this article. The next characteristic feature includes conventions related to particular medical genres. Finally, genre shift is briefly discussed.
Język pracowników służb specjalnych w Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej i w Bułgarskiej Republice Ludowej (na przykładzie analizy teczek TW „Bolek” i TW „Sabina”)
Język pracowników służb specjalnych w Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej i w Bułgarskiej Republice Ludowej (na przykładzie analizy teczek TW „Bolek” i TW „Sabina”)
(Language of employees of the Communist-era state security service in the Polish People’s Republic and the People’s Republic of Bulgaria (based on an analysis of “Bolek” and “Sabina” collaborators files))
- Author(s):Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:119-131
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:language of secret services; language of denunciations; secret service files; Polish People’s Republic; People’s Republic of Bulgaria
- Summary/Abstract:Releasing declassified files, reports, denunciations and other Communist-era secret service documents in the former socialist countries raises great controversies and emotions. The so-called “teczki” become an element of political maneuvering and power games. Reports from the informants and collaborators are usually the object of consideration for historians and archivists alike. However, there are virtually no linguistic analyses that characterize them. The paper is an attempt to investigate the language of secret service employees from a comparative perspective based on two collections of notes from Poland and Bulgaria.
Od Jugosławii do Bośni i Hercegowiny – wpływ wzajemnych relacji na współczesną komunikację
Od Jugosławii do Bośni i Hercegowiny – wpływ wzajemnych relacji na współczesną komunikację
(From Yugoslavia to Bosnia and Herzegovina – the impact of mutual relations on contemporary communication)
- Author(s):Anetta Buras-Marciniak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:133-144
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina; intercultural communication; politics; Srebrenica
- Summary/Abstract:Bosnia, declared independence in March 1992, which was one of the reasons for the outbreak of a civil war regarded as the bloodiest conflict in Europe since the end of World War II. The war ended in 1995 with the signing of the peace treaty in Dayton under which Bosnia and Herzegovina became an independent country, divided into two parts: Republika Srpska (49% of the territory) and the Muslim-Croatian Federation (51% of the territory). In later years, the District of Brčko was established, inhabited by the three nations. The division has had a negative impact not only on political stability in the state, but also on the entire social life. Considering the Slavic origin of all the nations that once inhabited Yugoslavia, it was established that its national culture is characterized by a large distance of power, a high degree of collectivism, dominant feminine values and a high level of risk avoidance. Religious diversity in B&H (Bosnians – Islam, Serbs – Orthodoxy, Croats – Catholicism), significantly affects not only its national culture but also the intercultural communication within the country. The aim of the article is to explain how the effects of the last war affect contemporary intercultural communication in B&H.
Komunikacja symboliczna w podaytońskiej Bośni i Hercegowinie
Komunikacja symboliczna w podaytońskiej Bośni i Hercegowinie
(Symbolic Communication in Post-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- Author(s):Magdalena Rekść
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:145-157
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina; Dayton; symbolic communication; identity; identity Politics
- Summary/Abstract:Bosnia and Herzegovina is widely considered a dysfunctional state where political institutions do not work. The Dayton agreement has shaped a bizarre system of government in which ethnicity remains the most important value. Such a situation is very dangerous in a multi-ethnic country, considering difficult historical past and the lack of implementation of transitional justice. The three constituent nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina do not live together, but side by side, many speak about ghettoization of the country. This text focuses on the symbolic communication in Bosnia or more precisely, its lack. Although Serbs, Croats and Bosniaks speak very similar languages, they do not understand each other on a symbolic level. Each of them has a different vision of the past, present and future and the heroes become enemies in the discourses of neighbours. It should not come as a surprise that that there is no shared symbolic capital in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but without it a collective identity cannot be created and implemented. There are individuals and circles that try to create common Bosnian identity, but their range and capability are very limited, since the principle of ethnicity and ethnic nationalism plays the most important role. Unfortunately, such a situation confirms the pessimistic forecasts regarding the future of the country.
Media a pamięć zbiorowa – analiza współczesnego słoweńskiego dyskursu medialnego dotyczącego grobu masowego w Hudej Jamie
Media a pamięć zbiorowa – analiza współczesnego słoweńskiego dyskursu medialnego dotyczącego grobu masowego w Hudej Jamie
(Media and collective memory – the analysis of modern Slovenian media discourse about mass graves in Huda Jama)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Bednarska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Media studies
- Page Range:159-168
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:media discourse; collective memory; discourse analysis; historical discourse; Slovenia
- Summary/Abstract:This article analyzes media discourse and the collective memory of Slovenes regarding the period of World War II and several post-war years. On the basis of media reports about the tenth anniversary of the discovery of mass graves in Huda Jama, it will be presented how the World War II was inscribed in the collective memory of Slovenes and how war events cause ideological divisions of Slovenian society.
