Niepełnosprawność i praca. Wymiary, konteksty, perspektywy
Disability and work. Dimensions, contexts, perspectives
Contributor(s): Grzegorz Całek (Editor), Jakub Niedbalski (Editor), Mariola Racław (Editor), Marta Sałkowska (Editor), Joanna Sztobryn-Giercuszkiewicz (Editor), Dorota Żuchowska-Skiba (Editor)
Subject(s): Sociology
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: professional activation; professional activity; inclusion; disability; work; labor market
Summary/Abstract: The monograph addresses themes relating to various forms of activism and mobilisation of people with disabilities in relation to work in the broadest sense of the term, including remote working, the digitalisation of work, but also issues of precarity and inequality at work and unpaid work, including care work – framed in the context of the determinants of (post)pandemic reality.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-609-3
- Page Count: 266
- Publication Year: 2024
- Language: Polish
Osoba z niepełnosprawnościami na rynku pracy w obliczu wyzwań współczesnego świata
Osoba z niepełnosprawnościami na rynku pracy w obliczu wyzwań współczesnego świata
(People with disabilities in the labor market facing the challenges of the contemporary world)
- Author(s):Grzegorz Całek, Jakub Niedbalski, Mariola Racław, Marta Sałkowska, Joanna Sztobryn-Giercuszkiewicz, Dorota Żuchowska-Skiba
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:7-21
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:disability; employment rate; income gap; labor market; vocational activity
- Summary/Abstract:Chapter ten serves as an introduction to the monograph, which focuses on topics related to disabilityin work contexts. The individual parts of the monograph analyze the situation of peoplewith disabilities in the labor market, discussing the problems and barriers they face when seekingemployment and performing professional duties, and presenting ways to address them. It alsofocuses on issues related to supporting people with disabilities and those at risk of losing theirability to work.The various perspectives presented in the monograph aim to highlight the problems, existing orproposed solutions, and changes occurring in the labor market. In the context of these challengesand perspectives, both for people with disabilities and for employers and those responsible foreducation and vocational activation programs, the monograph seeks to present a comprehensivepicture of the situation. It should be noted that despite the increase in employment in Poland, thereare still barriers hindering the full participation of people with disabilities in the labor market.These barriers have both systemic and social roots, requiring a holistic approach and interdisciplinaryanalysis of existing problems.
Praca w sektorze nowych technologii? Kształcenie dla rynku pracy osób z niepełnosprawnościami
Praca w sektorze nowych technologii? Kształcenie dla rynku pracy osób z niepełnosprawnościami
(Working in the New Technologies Sector? Education for Employment of People with Disabilities)
- Author(s):Barbara Gąciarz, Dorota Żuchowska-Skiba
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:25-42
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:adapting work environment; disabilities in IT; flexibility in the job market; higher education; modern technologies
- Summary/Abstract:In the 21st century, economic changes have contributed to the increased significance of moderntechnology sectors, especially in IT, e-commerce, e-marketing, and UX design. The advancementin these industries requires specialized knowledge in programming, design, and technology implementation,opening doors for individuals with various disabilities. New forms of work, particularlyremote work and assistive technologies, enable some individuals with disabilities to participate inthe open job market. However, this necessitates acquiring specialized education and the necessaryskills and competencies for individuals with disabilities. Higher education institutions offer suchopportunities. Therefore, we aim to investigate how graduates working in fields related to emergingtechnologies assess the initiatives and activities undertaken at their universities to preparethem for the workforce.The study encompassed 11 graduates with disabilities and revealed the importance of continuedsupport for educational programs. Facilitating communication between employers and individualswith disabilities emerged as crucial, fostering mutual understanding and enabling a moreaccessible work environment for individuals with disabilities.
Osoby z progresywną niepełnosprawnością wzroku na otwartym rynku pracy – analiza trajektorii zawodowych pracowników z chorobą Stargardta
Osoby z progresywną niepełnosprawnością wzroku na otwartym rynku pracy – analiza trajektorii zawodowych pracowników z chorobą Stargardta
(People with progressive visual impairments in the open labor market – an analysis of the career trajectories of employees with Stargardt disease)
- Author(s):Magdalena Kokot-Rybińska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:43-64
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:employment; open labor market; progressive eye diseases; Stargardt disease; vision impairment; visually impaired employee
- Summary/Abstract:According to various data, there are around 2 million people in Poland with various types of visionimpairments. Vision impairment ranks as the fourth cause of disability in the country (GUS,2019). In most cases, significant deterioration of visual function occurs after completing educationand choosing a career path.The aim of the conducted research was to determine in which industries and professions individualswith progressive visual impairments work. The research problem consisted of two elements:on the one hand, determining the specific professions performed by individuals with progressivevision dysfunction, and on the other hand, identifying the potential difficulties faced by suchemployees. For this reason, it was decided to use a survey measurement, where participants couldindicate the profession they work in or write their own if it was not on the list. On the other hand,some of the respondents (20 out of 50 individuals) participated in in-depth interviews regardingtheir functioning with progressive eye disease. By using techniques such as open-ended questionsand encouraging storytelling, it was possible to gather interesting research material. After collectingall the interviews, narrative analysis was additionally applied to elucidate the most importantissues centered around three main questions.
W poszukiwaniu (nie)nowych instrumentów wsparcia zatrudniania osób głuchoniewidomych
W poszukiwaniu (nie)nowych instrumentów wsparcia zatrudniania osób głuchoniewidomych
(In Search for (Non)New Instruments to Support the Employment of Deafblind People)
- Author(s):Tomasz Kasprzak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:65-74
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:deafblind people; disability; professional activity
- Summary/Abstract:The professional situation of individuals with simultaneous hearing and visual impairments isa topic reluctantly addressed in the literature. Vocational exclusion affects deafblind individualsirrespective of age, financial status, education level, or place of residence. Promoting the employmentof deafblind individuals in the open job market is linked to the policies of normalization,integration, and the acknowledgment of the rights of individuals with simultaneous hearing andvisual impairments. The article highlights the need for changes in the support model for deafblindindividuals in the job market. Special attention is paid to the employment barriers these individualsface, as well as an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses as employees.
Sztuka jako praca: o profesjonalności i profesjonalizacji artystów i artystek z niepełnosprawnością wzroku w Meksyku
Sztuka jako praca: o profesjonalności i profesjonalizacji artystów i artystek z niepełnosprawnością wzroku w Meksyku
(Art as Work: About the Professionalization and Professionalism of Artists with Visual Impairment in Mexico)
- Author(s):Monika Dubiel
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:75-89
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:artist; disability studies; Mexico; visual impairment; work
- Summary/Abstract:The subject of my interest is the artistic activity of persons with visual impairment (mainly actorsand photographers, as well as writers and musicians) in Mexico. The main goal of the article is thereflection on the given activity understood as a professional work. The main research problem canbe formulated as follows: : what or who decides that someone can be called a profesional artist.The article is based on the results of the qualitative inquiry that I conducted in this environmentbetween 2019 and 2022. The research uses various ethnographical techniques with a special emphasison interviews supplemented by participant and non-participant observations. The findingsindicate that there are two main aspects for the discussed problem: salary and experience. Constructedin both mentioned areas the category of recognition turns out to be crucial for self definingor defining someone else as a professional artist.My considerations are embedded in the disability studies paradigm. They are also strongly rootedin the local Mexican context.
Aktywność prozawodowa uczestników warsztatów terapii zajęciowej – szanse, wyzwania i dylematy
Aktywność prozawodowa uczestników warsztatów terapii zajęciowej – szanse, wyzwania i dylematy
(Professional Activity of Occupational Therapy Workshops – Opportunities, Challenges, and Dilemmas)
- Author(s):Magdalena Kocejko, Angelika Greniuk
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:91-106
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:employment; occupational therapy workshops; people with disabilities; vocational activation
- Summary/Abstract:The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities indicated new directions of activities regardingthe professional activation of people with disabilities. Focusing on the open labor market raisesquestions about the role of institutions such as occupational therapy workshops (hereinafter: WT Z) andrequires defining a new profile of the activities of these entities also in the area of supporting the pro--vocational activity of their participants. In response to the need to define and clarify the directions ofactivities in this area, new „Standards for the operation of Occupational Therapy Workshops” have beendeveloped as part of the systemic project „Active disabled people – tools to support the independenceof disabled people”. They clearly define the role of WT Z, which is to support in achieving the maximumpossible degree of independent living mainly through two paths: professionalization of the participantand social inclusion.. They are entirely oriented towards the subjectivity and self-determinationof WT Z participants. The aim of the article is to present the results of evaluation studies conducted bythe authors on the pilot implementation of the Standard in WT Z in the dimension related to their pro--professional role. Research has shown numerous determinants of the effectiveness of related activities.They are both external and internal in nature. The results of the presented research may be a contributionto further discussion on the actual place of WT Z in the system of professional activation ofpeople with disabilities, considering the directions resulting from the Convention. The article concernsunpublished results of evaluation studies of the pilot implementation of the Standards in WT Zs in 72selected workshops throughout the country, which were carried out in 2022–2023. The evaluation studywas conducted on behalf of the Polish Association for People with Intellectual Disabilities.
Dobra praca – zła praca. Czy usługi asystencji osobistej dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami są skazane na prekarne zatrudnienie i warunki pracy?
Dobra praca – zła praca. Czy usługi asystencji osobistej dla osób z niepełnosprawnościami są skazane na prekarne zatrudnienie i warunki pracy?
(Good job – bad job. Are personal assistance services for people with disabilities doomed to precarious employment and working conditions?)
- Author(s):Ewa Giermanowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:109-125
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:employment and working conditions; person with a disability; personal assistance service; personal assistant; precarious work
- Summary/Abstract:The article is part of a discussion on building professional roles in the care sector, illustrating itwith the example of personal assistant services for people with disabilities. It refers to interdisciplinaryresearch and a multidimensional approach to work quality, conceptualization of the conceptsof „good job” and „bad job” as well as sociological concepts and research on the precarization ofwork. Personal assistance services are becoming an increasingly expected and available service forpeople with disabilities. The adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(2006) by the United Nations General Assembly accelerated the processes of implementing the servicein individual countries and developing its standards. The specificity of a service contract andthe expectations of a person with a disability and his or her assistant often go beyond traditionalservice and employment relationships, becoming a source of change and sometimes violation ofthe terms of the contract. State administrations try to regulate personal assistance services and theemployment and working conditions of assistants.Based on the analysis of documents and research results on personal assistance services in Polandand Norway, conducted in 2020-2022, the author presents similarities and differences regardingthe professional position of assistants in both countries. She also refers to the results of other nationaland international research projects.
Aktywność zawodowa osób z niepełnosprawnościami w kontekście modeli niepełnosprawności
Aktywność zawodowa osób z niepełnosprawnościami w kontekście modeli niepełnosprawności
(Economic activity of people with disabilities in the context of disability models)
- Author(s):Rafał Maciąg
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:127-144
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:disability models; economic activity; family of person with disability; ICF classification; medical certification; people with disabilities
- Summary/Abstract:In Poland, there are quite low rates of economic activity and employment of disabled peoplecompared to other European countries. Aim. The aim of the chapter is to indicate the reasonsfor the low economic activity rate in Poland in the context of theoretical models of disability.Problem. The prevailing attitudes in society are favorable towards social security, including thetendency to remain on a pension. The medical certification system is focused on the assessmentof body functions, which is not conducive to referral to work, and the rehabilitation system isdispersed and unclear to patients. Method. The chapter includes a research review, literature analysisof the subject and official data. Results and conclusions. System of economic activity supportedby the State Fund for Rehabilitation of Disabled People does not meet expectations. Theindividual (medical) model of disability persists, strengthened by family care for a person withdisability. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), whichis used in many countries and regions to assess work ability, is not implemented in Poland. Toencourage changes decision-makers, doctors and employers, a broad discussion is needed on theuse of procedures necessary to assess the potential of people with disabilities.
Mobbing i dyskryminacja osób z niepełnosprawnościami w sferze zawodowej
Mobbing i dyskryminacja osób z niepełnosprawnościami w sferze zawodowej
(Mobbing and discrimination against people with distabilities in the professional sphere)
- Author(s):Edyta Chmurska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:145-158
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:causes of disability; discrimination; employer; exploitation; limitations and conditions; minority; mobbing; needs; obstacles; people with disabilities; rehabilitation; vocational
- Summary/Abstract:The first part of the article presents an outline of the discussed issues. The author cited definitionsand attributes of minorities to illustrate the place of people with disabilities in society. They arepart of the population and have their needs just like everyone else. They point to a very high importanceof work in their lives, which not only allows them to meet their needs of material andliving security but also self-realization. However, what they support above all is vocational rehabilitation.The work undertaken by people with disabilities as part of vocational rehabilitation shouldtake into account the limitations and conditions resulting from their current state of health.The professional activity of people with disabilities is promoted by the media in the form of socialcampaigns. Nevertheless, despite intensive efforts, it does not bring the expected results. It shouldbe noted that people with disabilities put up the barriers to employment themselves, these barriersare also put up by employers. Moreover, they are often victims of abuse and discrimination byemployers, as evidenced by the statements presented in the article.
Przeszkody w podjęciu wymarzonej pracy przez osoby z niepełnosprawnościami – w ich percepcji
Przeszkody w podjęciu wymarzonej pracy przez osoby z niepełnosprawnościami – w ich percepcji
(Barriers to Pursuing Dream Jobs for People with Disabilities – From Their Perspective)
- Author(s):Bartek Pałgan
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:159-170
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:competencies; deaf individuals; disability; employment; job market; recruitment; remote work
- Summary/Abstract:The article will be based on research conducted using autoethnographic method, through free interviewswith individuals with disabilities seeking employment, as well as recruiters and job intermediariesfrom various foundations and associations who professionally engage in job search andsupport for people with disabilities. The primary methodology will also include participant observationof this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to show individuals with disabilities that sometimesit’s enough to be willing to explore alternative solutions without being solely attached towhat they already know. This is especially relevant for individuals with acquired disabilities, who,due to certain types of work, may no longer be able to return to their previous tasks, e.g., as a resultof post-traumatic injuries. In such cases, this paper will demonstrate to these individuals that theyshould not despair by focusing solely on one job, but rather seek other possibilities, expand theirskills and horizons. In addition to personal observations, interviews with employees of variousfoundations or associations offering developmental programs are crucial in this context.It is often said that a potential employer would prefer to hire a fully abled person with subsidiesfor their work, as is the case with hiring a person with disabilities. Through this article, the authoraims to challenge these words because for not all employers, which may seem surprising, this isthe most important factor. It is worth noting, based on the author’s professional experience, thatnot all employers know how to take advantage of these incentives, and some, as research hasshown, do not focus on this and even idealistically employ such individuals to help them, simplyfocusing on the competencies possessed by these individuals rather than subsidies. Of course, weare talking here about a small number of such employers, but it is important to emphasize thatsuch employers also exist.
W jakim stopniu nowe regulacje ustawowe w zakresie dostępności zwiększają szanse na aktywizację społeczną i zawodową osób z niepełnosprawnościami?
W jakim stopniu nowe regulacje ustawowe w zakresie dostępności zwiększają szanse na aktywizację społeczną i zawodową osób z niepełnosprawnościami?
(How do new statutory regulations on accessibility increase the chances of social and professional activation of people with disabilities?)
- Author(s):Piotr Sieradzki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:173-184
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:accessibility standards; socio-professional activation
- Summary/Abstract:The article asks to what extent the dissemination and introduction of accessibility standards canresult in the social and professional activation of people who have so far remained on the sidelinesof public life due to various deficits of an institutional, social and personal nature?The theoretical basis for these considerations is the social model of disability, which locates theproblem of participation of MSPs in public life in the organization of society and in the propertiesof the environment in which such people function. The empirical basis for this article will bethe authors participation as a researcher and auditor in research and implementation projects onaccessibility in 2018–2022.This article is undoubtedly one of the first to seek the relationship between accessibility standardsand the level of social and professional activation of people with disabilities and special needs. Thetopic is dynamic for several reasons. First, the process of adaptation itselfin the year of writing the article (2023) is in its early stages. Secondly, the standards themselveswill be developed for the various departments of the public sector and thus optimal solutions willarrive. Thirdly, research on accessibility and activation will become more advanced and capableof monitoring this complex – non-linear development. At this point it can be concluded, that therelationship between these two spheres: accessibility – activation is positive, but still indirect andwithout solving the many problems.
Osoby ze zróżnicowanymi potrzebami na uniwersytecie: wsparcie i dostępność na przykładzie Akademii Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej w Warszawie
Osoby ze zróżnicowanymi potrzebami na uniwersytecie: wsparcie i dostępność na przykładzie Akademii Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej w Warszawie
(People with diverse needs at the university: support and accessibility on the example of the Maria Grzegorzewska Special Education University in Warsaw)
- Author(s):Magda Lejzerowicz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:185-196
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:accessibility; inclusion; pedagogy; students with diverse needs; training; vocational preparation
- Summary/Abstract:Education of students with diverse needs, including disabilities, poses a challenge for the contemporaryhigher education system, both for educators adjusting the teaching process and foradministrative staff. It brings about many new solutions and educational opportunities for studentswith disabilities, as well as requiring a certain kind of individualized approach and inclusivedesign of the teaching process.The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between participation in training and theenhancement of competencies of academic and administrative staff in an inclusive approach, aswell as to understand the needs of participants in the university education process. The researchproblem was formulated as follows: what competencies can be improved and developed duringtraining. Exploring the research problem requires adopting the methodological perspective ofparticipatory action research (Lewin, 2010; Czerepaniak-Walczak, 2014).The results are based on data analysis from research conducted in 2023 with individuals participatingin training on adapting the teaching process and administrative support for students withdiverse needs at the Maria Grzegorzewska Special Education University in Warsaw. The analysisalso took into account the results of research on the needs of students and the experiences of trainingfacilitators.The results of the analysis showed an increase in competencies in inclusive design after participationin training, sensitivity to one’s own and others’ needs, and understanding and empathytowards individuals with diverse needs.The conclusions drawn from the analysis indicate that through training for university staff, it ispossible to better design support at the higher education level, adapt materials and forms of communicationto the diverse needs of students, especially those with individual educational needs.Therefore, it is crucial to continuously conduct training aimed at improving social, communication,and teaching competencies for university staff, which indirectly affects the level of preparationfor future teaching professionals.
Technologie asystujące w telepracy: poprawa możliwości zatrudnienia osób z niepełnosprawnościami
Technologie asystujące w telepracy: poprawa możliwości zatrudnienia osób z niepełnosprawnościami
(The article concerns the role of technologies assisting the work of people with disability, especially in telework)
- Author(s):Maria Katarzyna Grzegorzewska, Piotr Karocki
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:197-214
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:assistive technologies; communication tools; information accessibility; mobility; people with disabilities; technological support; telework
- Summary/Abstract:The aim is to: raise awareness of these technologies and their potential to increase employmentopportunities and independence for people with various types of disabilities. The problem is thelack of availability of the discussed technologies and knowledge about them.Method: literature review and analysis of various assistive technologies available on the market.The results show that many assistive technologies, such as communication tools, information accessibilitytechnologies, and mobility and computer access technologies, can help people withdisabilities perform professional tasks while teleworking.In summary, assistive technologies can significantly improve employment opportunities and independencefor people with disabilities. However, their effective implementation requires takinginto account the individual needs and preferences of users and providing appropriate training andsupport.
Rozwój usług społecznych a deinstytucjonalizacja – nowy trend czy permanentna zmiana w pomocy osobom niesamodzielnym
Rozwój usług społecznych a deinstytucjonalizacja – nowy trend czy permanentna zmiana w pomocy osobom niesamodzielnym
(The Development of Social Services and Deinstitutionalization – a New Trend or a Permanent Shift in Aid for Dependent Individuals)
- Author(s):Maria Łuszczyńska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:215-231
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:deinstitutionalization; dependency; older adults; social policy; social services; welfare care system
- Summary/Abstract:The article attempts to show the actual scope of deinstitutionalization in comparison with thetrends in the development of social services. The text aims to address the issue of understandingdeinstitutionalization, the importance of social services and forecasting the directions in whichwelfare care systems for dependent people will go. The genesis of deinstitutionalization, the legalaspects of its presence in the discourse on social policy, as well as the specificity of services forpeople who are recognised as depended and their families will be presented, along with an attemptto show the perspective of actions for the coming years. The article is intended to be a contributionto further discussion on support for dependent people – through institutional and/or servicesupport.
Program aktywizacji zawodowej osób z dysfunkcjami ruchu. Studium przypadku projektu „Sprawny pracownik”
Program aktywizacji zawodowej osób z dysfunkcjami ruchu. Studium przypadku projektu „Sprawny pracownik”
(Vocational Activation Program for Individuals with Movement Disabilities: A Case Study of the „Efficient Employee” Project)
- Author(s):Marzena Mamak-Zdanecka
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:233-248
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:longevity; movement disabilities; neurodiversity; occupational medicine; organizational culture; vocational activation
- Summary/Abstract:The importance of good practices for the mental and physical health of employees is increasing.Human-centric organizational policies, aimed at social goals, are gaining greater attention. Individualswith impaired physical abilities are not only at risk of reduced work efficiency but alsoexperience poorer well-being. This article draws upon the documentation of the „Efficient Employee”Project, focused on actions for individuals with movement disabilities hindering theirprofessional work. Co-financed by the European Union from the European Social Fund, with theMałopolski Orthopedic-Rehabilitation Hospital named after Prof. Bogusław Frańczuk in Krakowas the beneficiary. The research objective is to assess the correlation between the comprehensivenessof the program and the health outcomes of rehabilitation. The article also refers to the studyof the „Blue Zones” community.
Kibicowanie bez barier – od społecznej aktywności do aktywizacji zawodowej osób z niepełnosprawnościami
Kibicowanie bez barier – od społecznej aktywności do aktywizacji zawodowej osób z niepełnosprawnościami
(Supporting without barriers – from social activity to professional activation of people with disabilities)
- Author(s):Magdalena Parus-Jankowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology
- Page Range:249-258
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:fans with disabilities, professional activation; social bonds; social competences
- Summary/Abstract:People with disabilities still belong to the group of people at risk of exclusion due to difficult accessto employment. Any form of support and activation of people with disabilities is desirable, especiallywhen it can help them find their way in the labor market. In recent years, many initiativeshave been created, such as disabled fans’ clubs and similar organizations bringing together peoplewith disabilities interested in sports, whose goals go far beyond pure sports entertainment. Theyhave become a place enabling social integration and the development of social competences andgiving people with disabilities the opportunity to acquire various skills useful for becoming independentand taking full advantage of social life, as well as increasing their chances on the labormarket. Finding oneself in a community of fans can build a sense of belonging and strengthenthe support network, which contributes to an increase in the number of social contacts and theformation of weak ties, which may contribute to increasing the chances of taking up professionalactivity among people with disabilities.
