100 let R. U. R.: Sborník z konference na Pedagogické fakultě Masarykovy univerzity v Brně, 11. září 2019
Hundred years of R. U. R.: Post-conference proceeding, Faculty of Education, Masaryk University, 11th September 2019
Contributor(s): Petr Jemelka (Editor), Slavomír Lesňák (Editor)
Subject(s): Studies of Literature, Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Special Branches of Philosophy, Czech Literature, Phenomenology, Pedagogy
Published by: Masarykova univerzita nakladatelství
Keywords: Czech literature; Karel Čapek; technology; robots; philosophy; phenomenology;
Summary/Abstract: The publication is a post-conference proceeding marking the 100 years since Karel Čapek's first issuance of the science fiction play R. U. R. and the invention of the term robot by his brother Josef. The individual contributions within the proceeding are the result of an individual research of the conference participants. The published texts analyze the connotations of the term “robot” and reflect the social context of robotics, technology, and artificial intelligence. The reflection of the influence of visions from the work of Karel Čapek is also discussed. The papers possess a diverse character, the proceeding contains a philosophical essay, historical probes, philosophical analyzes and pedagogical applications of Čapek’s work and legacy.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-80-210-9688-2
- Page Count: 107
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: Czech
Technika, autonomie a etika: ke stému výročí Čapkova dramatu R.U.R.
Technika, autonomie a etika: ke stému výročí Čapkova dramatu R.U.R.
(Technology, Autonomy, and Ethics: to the Centennial of Čapek’s Drama R.U.R.)
- Author(s):Wendy Drozenová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Czech Literature, Phenomenology
- Page Range:9-16
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Karel Čapek; R.U.R.; technology; autonomy; ethics;
- Summary/Abstract:Čapek’s drama R.U.R., which is rather a social dystopia than a science fiction (the principle of functioning of robots is not suggested, the drama is focused on the impact on humanity), shows the double face of technology: The dream about the “liberation of work” easily takes a turn for its opposite, and for destruction of humanity in consequence of ruthless utilization of the technological achievement for selfish economical and militaristic interests. „Autonomous technology“, which is not controlled by human aims any more, but by the rules of its own development, became an important subject of philosophy and ethics of technology (e.g. in works by J. Ellul, H. Jonas), and has a warning effect. Today, Industry 4.0 and the process of robotization bring new promises, but also new problems. The legacy of Karel Čapek includes values of humanism and understanding for other people’s views and needs, which is valuable for developing ethics of technology in democratic society.
Bratři Čapkové a ti druzí aneb Reflexe robotů v českém prostředí
Bratři Čapkové a ti druzí aneb Reflexe robotů v českém prostředí
(The Čapek brothers and others - or The reflection of robots in the Czech milieu)
- Author(s):Petr Jemelka
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Anthropology, Studies of Literature, Special Branches of Philosophy, Czech Literature
- Page Range:17-31
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:robot; science fiction; philosophy of technology; anthropology;
- Summary/Abstract:The text focuses on the forms of changes in the reflection of the robotic theme in the Czech environment. It includes literary works (brothers Čapek and other authors including newer Czech science fiction) as well as theoretical works that can be included within the framework of the philosophy of technology.
Roboti. Už po nás jdou
Roboti. Už po nás jdou
(The Robots are Going After Us!)
- Author(s):Josef Krob
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Special Branches of Philosophy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:33-38
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:robot; man; artificial intelligence; perspective; threat;
- Summary/Abstract:An essay in which the author notes an increasing concern about the possible onset of artificial intelligence and its expected consequences. He points out that this is not a completely new situation. In fact, several similar violations of the human comfort zone have occurred in human history. Based on such historical examples, the author outlines possible variants of further development of man and society.
Kritérium rozumovosti pri hodnotení optimistických technologických projektov ľudstva a prírody
Kritérium rozumovosti pri hodnotení optimistických technologických projektov ľudstva a prírody
(The criterion of „rossum“ in the evaluation of optimistic technological projects of the humanity and the nature)
- Author(s):Slavomír Lesňák
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Special Branches of Philosophy
- Page Range:39-46
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:rationality; ethics; technology; future; humanity; environemntal crisis;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the analysis of partial rationality („rossum“) - far-sighted rationality in the artistic and philosophical projects about technology and about future of the humanity. The results of the analysis are used as a criterium for rethinking of moral questions of technological approaches to solving the environmental crisis and the other global problems. The article makes recommendations in the field of environmental ethics and bioethics - defining rationality as an unreasonable vision of progress against life.
Robotické bábätká
Robotické bábätká
(Robot Babies)
- Author(s):Juraj Odorčák
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Studies of Literature, Special Branches of Philosophy, Czech Literature
- Page Range:47-60
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Karel Čapek; R.U.R.; robots; human species; aritficial selection of embryos; artificial creation of humans; posthumanism;
- Summary/Abstract:In the play R.U.R. Karel Čapek envisioned a futuristic society where robots not only take all our jobs, but also all our human vices and virtues. The downfall of humankind is in the end symbolized by the love of and between robots. Love and reproduction are, therefore, one of the main themes of the whole plot of R.U.R. People create robots. Robots create more robots. Robots destruct people. But what if robots could create more humans? This article is focused on the topic of robotic creation of humans. The main line of reasoning is dedicated to the analysis of the near future possibility of autonomous artificial human embryo selection. Current studies show, that AI -assisted pattern recognition provides space for dramatic progress in the effectivity of grading of the viability of embryos. The combination of this technology with other anticipated technologies could one day create prospects for a full robotic reproduction of humans. The article presents some arguments for and against the idea that humans could or should one day become robotic babies.
Josef Velenovský a František Mareš o světě techniky
Josef Velenovský a František Mareš o světě techniky
(Josef Velenovský and František Mareš about the World of Technology)
- Author(s):Helena Pavličíková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Special Branches of Philosophy
- Page Range:61-69
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:science; technics; philosophy; physiology; society; culture;
- Summary/Abstract:Accidentally, Josef Velenovský and František Mareš were both natives of South Bohemia and both carved their careers in science moving from physiology to philosophy as evident from conclusions drawn from their scientific research. Thus by the same token but each in his own way, they reflected on man’s limited capacity for gaining knowledge and, by contrast, on the special significance of technology which could not exist without thorough human understanding. On that account technology, which had made man’s work easier or helped him travel vast distances, at the same rate became a phenomenon that enabled man to force his will upon his surroundings. The inevitable effect of such conduct was the conflict between man -created technology and man’s existential dependence on Nature. In view of the fact that the two scientists published their observations about the eventuality of technology being turned against man no later than the turn of the twentieth century, the topicality of their ken is even more surprising.
Development of assistive technology and its function for people with disability
Development of assistive technology and its function for people with disability
(Development of assistive technology and its function for people with disability)
- Author(s):Lukáš Siegel
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:71-78
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:people with disabilities; assistive technology; technology; barriers; society;
- Summary/Abstract:People with disabilities face various forms of barriers in society. Even daily activities are difficult to handle. Multiple varieties of assistive tools are being created to overcome these daily barriers. We count among these wheelchairs or exoskeletons, but there are other forms of assistive technology (designed for a particular type of disability) that help people with their disabilities. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the progress of the assistive technology that helps with disabilities and its role in modern society. Our primary source will be a book Disability, Society and Assistive Technology (2017) by Bodil Ravneberg and Sylvia Söderström. In their work, they show a close connection between assistive technologies and the quality of life of a person with a disability
Stroje versus lidé – tematika vztahu člověka a umělé inteligence ve školním kurikulu
Stroje versus lidé – tematika vztahu člověka a umělé inteligence ve školním kurikulu
(Machines versus humans - themes of the relationship between man and artificial intelligence in the school curriculum)
- Author(s):Radim Štěrba
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Education, Special Branches of Philosophy
- Page Range:79-88
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:artificial intelligence; school teaching; fiction; curriculum; philosophical thinking;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper maps the possibilities of including the topic “artificial intelligence versus man” in school teaching. Based on the use of classical fiction, the work of Karel Čapek, Philip K. Dick and Isaac Asimov presents possible projections of this topic into the school curriculum and suggests possible methodological approaches usable in school classroom.
Zamyšlení nad „subjektivitou robotů“
Zamyšlení nad „subjektivitou robotů“
(Reflecting on the “Subjectivity of Robots”)
- Author(s):Erika Vonková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Special Branches of Philosophy, Phenomenology
- Page Range:89-93
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:philosophy; phenomenology; robot; subjectivity; freedom;
- Summary/Abstract:In the first part of the text, the author presents the reasons that in the future will make one create robots that will be endowed with subjectivity. In the second part the author selects a phenomenological approach from the possible philosophical approaches to the creation of robot subjectivity. She gradually presents her construction of robot subjectivity from a perspective inspired by Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre. At the end of the text, the author demonstrates that an approach inspired by Husserl and Heidegger would lead to the creation of a non -free, human -dependent robot. On the contrary, an approach inspired by Sartre would lead to the creation of a free robot.
Mechanický krtek – poznámky k fenomenologii kyborgů
Mechanický krtek – poznámky k fenomenologii kyborgů
(Mechanical mole - notes on the phenomenology of cyborgs)
- Author(s):Jana Zichová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Special Branches of Philosophy, Phenomenology
- Page Range:95-101
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:cyborg; robot; technology; horizon; phenomenology;
- Summary/Abstract:The article deals with the question on the essence of the cyborg. The author explores Čapek’s play R.U.R. and thinks over the transformation of time that might happen when an encounter of the living being with the inanimate system takes place. The author thinks also about the space of the factory as a home. It shows that the factory is the place where the artificial horizon is created.
Seznam autorů
Seznam autorů
(List of authors)
- Author(s):Author Not Specified
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Scientific Life
- Page Range:103-103
- No. of Pages:1
- Keywords:authors list;
Ilustrační výběr z dobových realizací R.U.R.
Ilustrační výběr z dobových realizací R.U.R.
(Illustrative selection from period realizations of R.U.R.)
- Author(s):Author Not Specified
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Pre-WW I & WW I (1900 -1919), Interwar Period (1920 - 1939), Source Material
- Page Range:105-107
- No. of Pages:3
- Keywords:R.U.R.; period realizations; illustrative selection;