Tinnitus. Analiza wybranych modeli fantomowego dźwięku
Tinnitus – Selected Models of Phantom Sound Perception

Summary/Abstract: Tinnitus (“ringing in the ears”) is sometimes described as a phantom sound. The phenomenon consists of the perception of a sound of various quality (ringing, hissing, buzzing or a permanent tone) that has no external source and is believed to be the consequence of the nervous system activity. Millions of people perceive tinnitus, but only some to a debilitating degree. In its chronic form it is often linked to hearing problems, lowered satisfaction with life and depression. Recent approach suggests that tinnitus (perception of a sound) should be differentiate from the tinnitus disorder (perception of tinnitus accompanied by suffering). The aim of this paper is to present a reader with the most prominent models that could be categorized into two categories – models of tinnitus and models of tinnitus disorder. Their aim is to explain the evolution and maintenance of tinnitus perception from different perspectives (physiology, neuroscience, cognitive science and psychology).

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