The development of teacher training in the Ottoman Empire from 1848 to 1918
The development of teacher training in the Ottoman Empire from 1848 to 1918

Summary/Abstract: In the late 18th century, reforms were started in the Ottoman administration and government institutions to support new scientific and technological innovation. The Gülhane Edict in 1839 directed this process towards Europe. Consequently, the processes of change in the OE were legalised. The movement towards Europe still continues today, with the desire of Turkey to join the European Union. Apart from the Madrasa system, a modernisation of the educational system started in the OE in 1839 and many civilian schools were then established. However, the greatest obstacle to this process remained the Madrasas, which were not finally closed until after the Turkish Republic was founded in 1923. Following the beginning of teacher training in the OE in 1848, many different experiences and considerable developments in the process of modernising the education system were recorded from 1848 up to the end of the Empire in 1918. However, the TTCs were not in general able to make the intended progress until the beginnings of the republican era following the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923 (Takvimi Vekayi Defa 361, 11 Muharrem 1264 (18 December 1847)

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