Problem dysproporcji i przestrzeni w obszarze rozwoju regionalnego w Polsce
The problem of disproportions and space in the area of regional development in Poland

Summary/Abstract: The diversified development of individual regions is a natural problem for each country. The problem of disproportions in the development of the country also applies to Poland. It is necessary to strive for the greatest possible use of the economic potential of regions and their resources and to improve their competitiveness in order to protect them from the dangerous process of marginalization, improve the standard of living of their inhabitants, and contribute to the development of the entire global economy. An important element of the analysis is the definition of the concept of a region, regional development and regional policy. The concept of a region, although often used today, is difficult to define unequivocally. This concept can be understood in many ways. First, it is used for a very different spatial scale. In the classical sense, it is a fragment of the Earth, separated according to a specific procedure. On the other hand, in economic sciences, a region is a socio-spatial system, separated from the environment due to specific economic specificity. Therefore, in economic research, a region is considered a medium-level unit, i.e. a voivodeship. In the literature on the subject, the development of the region is studied in terms of its social and economic development, or in terms of environmental aspects, satisfaction with life of its inhabitants and the development of social capital. The aim of the article is to present the differences in regional development including illustrating the results of the analysis of the differentiation in the level of rural and urban development. The article uses such research methods as literature analysis, descriptive-analytical method and critical analysis. The article also contains the results of research by operating institutions in terms of the discussed topic. Regional inequalities are influenced by both long-lasting processes (e.g. poverty, which was more common in the east) and those related to the present day (e.g. spontaneous factors, such as migrations or planned factors, such as inhibition of changes in the agricultural structure). It is important to verify the factors influencing regional development, their monitoring and a quick response to counteract the negative effects of the emerging socio-economic changes.

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