Поглед към историята на университетското образование с оглед на висшето хуманитарно образование у нас
A Glimpse at The History of University Education with a View to the Higher Humanitarian Education in Our Country

Summary/Abstract: The author upholds the thesis that whenever we refer to the historical form of the university as a condition for the development of the Bulgarian education we do not mean one or other of its implementations, not only the Bulgarian university or its German models but the form as a longer historical experience, all possible components accumulated in the European tradition since Antiquity. Therefore the complex historical form of the university and university education must not be substituted by its different implementations. Thus the widely understood university form is defined by more common characteristics, by stable principles of functioning rather than by historical transient components. No matter that they seem synonymous phenomena the university and higher education neither coincide completely nor are they always together historically. Science and its institutional image – academy are in a similar relation of intertwining and continuous differentiation. For their part they intertwine with the university and higher education. History has provided examples about various combinations between science and higher education in university and academy institutions. Science and the academy are the historical fortresses of non-humanitarian education for the obvious reason that higher education was only humanitarian up to the 19th century. That was why the history of the university up to that time was a history of humanitarian education. The higher education in natural and technical sciences emerged only in the 19th century in the conditions of the bourgeois technical revolution. During the 19th century the problem surfaced of the interdisciplinary education and hence the need of humanitarianizing education in natural and technical sciences and on the other hand of including exact methods in the humanitarian sphere. It is a matter of an old dilemma perceived particularly acutely today – higher education means a developed personality as well as acquisition of concrete skills and knowledge. The former is traditionally achieved by humanitarian subjects and the latter – in the sphere of exact sciences.

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