Stereotyp Rosjanina i jego profilowanie we współczesnej polszczyźnie
THE STEREOTYPE OF A RUSSIAN AND ITS PROFILES IN CONTEMPORARY POLISH

Summary/Abstract: The article aims to reconstruct the Polish stereotype of a Russian by means of the cognitive definition, whose principal components are predications of the type „Russians drink”, „Russians are brutal”, „Russians are aggressive”, „Russians are musical”, etc. It also aims to capture the mechanisms guiding the functioning of the stereotype in public discourse. A set of about seventy fixed sentences-judgements of this type can be grouped into a few categories (syndromes): „the Russian soul”, „a brother Slav”, an aggressor and enemy, „a master and slave” (i.e. someone despotic and enslaved at the same time), „an Asian”, someone with a specific and rich cultural background, a marketplace trader. At the level of contemporary public discourse the categories give rise to profiles, i.e. functional stereotypical variants whose creator is always a sociologically and culturally defined subject, e.g. a Pole — simple person, a Polish patriot, a member of the Polish intelligentsia with European horizons, a young pragmatist.The base set of features attributed to Russians by Poles is established on the basis of three types of linguistic data: systemic (ethnonyms and their derivatives, phraseological units and collocations), experimental (questionnaires conducted according to various methods among Lublin students in the period 1990-2000) and textual.

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