Idee kognitywizmu jako podstawa badań porównawczych w zakresie semantyki
COGNITIVIST IDEAS AS THE BASIS OF COMPARATIVE SEMANTIC RESEARCH

Summary/Abstract: New perspectives in comparative studies, especially in semantics, have arisen as a result of overcoming traditional structuralism, of viewing language in relation to culture and of the emergence of cognitive linguistics, which emphasizes the role of language in different conceptualizations of the world. Discussed are the following aspects of the cognitivist paradigm, especially valuable in comparative studies: the problem of the reconstruction of meaning (i.e. the formulation of the open cognitive definition) and the concepts used in descriptions of meaning (i.e. interpretive frame, linguistic worldview, connotation, profiling, stereotype and prototype). Two examples are analyzed: 'feminizm' (feminism) illustrates the problems of the cognitive definition, while 'tesknota' (longing) is a manifestation of different conceptualizations of comparable fragments of reality.

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