Работното време и заетостта по пол. Социални и икономически предизвикателства
Working time and employment by gender. Social and economic challenges

Summary/Abstract: Untapped potential exists to increase employment, especially the professional employment for women. The idea is to redistribute the aggregate time in general and the working time in particular. The social organization and the restructuring of the time for work and the working time and the achievement of greater justice and solidarity in gender perspective and on a group by group basis could offer greater opportunities to Bulgaria’s economic, social and demographic policy. There is injustice and inequality between men and women vis a vis the time for work as time of professional employment to earn an income, the time for the reproduction of the family as time to give birth to children and to bring them up, the time for household chores and for tending sick members of the family and the time for homestead farming. While women were increasingly employed in the 1960s and 70s and approximated the levels of male employment in the mid 1980s, this professional employment did not rid them of the work they did in other areas. In the case of women the redistribution of the time for work ate up from their leisure time and left them less time to recover and improve professionally. Today with the market economy environment in place this unchanged social organization poses serious problems concerning the women’s access to employment, professional career and economic independence. The article treats these and some other gender dimensions of working time and employment and advances the idea of new time management and organization and a fairer division of the time between the society and the family, between the generations, between men and women. The article concludes with a vision of relevant policies.

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