Енеолитските наоѓалишта во источниот дел на Република Северна Македониjа (Анализа на средниот тек на р. Брегалница и најблиските паралели)
Eneolithic sites in the eastern part of the Republic of North Macedonia (Analysis of the middle course of the river Bregalnica and nearest parallels)

Summary/Abstract: Eneolithic culture and its progress in the area of Republic of North Macedonia have been considered so far only from the aspect of Danube-Balkan complex: Bubanj-Salkuca-Krivodol, represented by the example of the Pelagonia cultural group Šuplevec-Bakarno Gumno. Many of the explored eneolithic sites in the eastern part of Republic of North Macedonia refer to the micro regions in the Kumanovo valley and the Bregalnica valley. Several eneolithic sites were recorded in the middle and upper basin of the river Bregalnica: “St. Atanas” near the vil¬lage of Spancevo; and “Pilavo” near the village of Burilchevo, Kocani; “Gradiste” near village Grad, Delcevo; “Bogoslov Kamen” near the village of Gorni Balvan, Stip; and there are isolated findings from “Vinica Kale” near Vinica and from the sanctuary “Tron-Pesta” near the village of Shopsko Rudare, Kratovo. The sites in the eastern part of Republic of North Macedonia are one-layered with exceptionally thin cultural layers, with the exception of the settlement of Pilavo near the village of Burilchevo, where a two-layered settlement with a thick cultural layer is discovered. They are located on naturally protected flat terraces, on dominant elevations near the riverbed or on the edge of the alluvial valley. The basic communicational connection with the northern and eastern cultural centers was established through the mountain passes in Osogovo region or along the river valleys of Bregalnica and Pchinja and their tributaries with the drainage basins of Morava and Struma. The settlements of the middle and upper course of the river Bregalnica according to the typological characteristics and character can be distinguished into several specific typological groups: settlements for living, settlements for living and defense, sanctuaries and random finds. What is characteristic for them are anthropomorphic and zoomorphic plastics and ceramic objects decorated with engraved ornaments, graphite painting and incrustation with white and red colour. According to the conclusions of recent research, through comparative methods, chronologically they belong to the early Eneolith and they fit into the Early Eneolithic complex characteristic of the central Balkan area known as Gradeshnica-Slatino-Dikilitas, in the region between the middle and the lower course of the Struma and Mesta.

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