Država i demokracija
The State and Democracy

Summary/Abstract: In contrast to the instrumentalist view of the state as the machinery of government, the author emphasizes the concept of the state as a political community in which the tree and equal citizens realize the essential purposes of their life. The meaning of the political sphere as the common life of citizens in the polis, the state in its original sense, should be the point of departure in all studies, not only politics but also of the state and democracy. Moreover, the example of the Greek polls In the 5th century B. C. can illustrate the original identity of the state, democracy and the political sphere as the participation of all citizens in decision-making on matters of common interest contributed to the idea of politics as the relationship among citizens as citizens. If the political sphere enjoyed such respect in the first democracies in world history, why could it not command the same, or even greater, respect today, at least in those democracies which, similar to the first democracies in history, call themselves 'direct democracies’. This idea of the political sphere is to be found not only in Aristotle and Hegel but also in Marx’s concept of democracy and communism. As opposed to the modern political manipulation. Instrumentalisation and functionalisation of citizens as subjects, the original politics, like all genuine politics rests on the personal convictions of citizens and on the public endorsement of their abilities.

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