Kontroverze kazne zatvora i ustanova za njeno izvršenje
Controversions of imprisonmet and prisons

Summary/Abstract: It is likely that there is no phenomenon that has led to more discussion and which has caused such contradictory assessments as the case of the prison sentence and the penitentiary institutions in which it is carried out. It seems that criminologists and penologists can not agree on any matter related to the prison sentence and penitentiary institution – from when they were created – to the explanation of why they survive despite all the criticism. After a brief review of the history of imprisonment and penitentiary institutions, the paper highlights the basic problems of modern penitentiary systems related to institutions, the population in them, the institutional staff and the relationship of the society towards them. It also pointed to attempts to find an exit from the crisis of the penitentiary system in order to eventually find an answer to the question: why does society, despite all the controversies that have been accompanying them for two centuries, continues to hold deprivation of liberty and penitentiary institutions as a key part of the penal system? The answer is: because it suits those who make strategic political decisions, but also the opinions of citizens about what to do with offenders. The most that science can do today is to influence the development of awareness that there are other ways of reacting and that there are people in the penitentiaries who, in order to protect the society, do not have to be there; also, and to influence that those who are there are provided with the conditions of a decent person, and to devise such treatments that will reduce the recidivism.

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