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The Middle East in the shadow of conflicts

Summary/Abstract: In 2016, the situation in the Middle East was still strongly influenced by destabilization processes triggered above all by the social protest against the current socio-political order. The bloody domestic wars in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Libya were internationalized as a result of involvement of external powers, both regional and non-regional. The weakness of many local political regimes and the social disapproval of their actions, their authoritarianism, lack of development strategies of meeting growing social needs, demographic challenges, and the identity crisis of local societies created a space for the emergence and development of fundamentalist ideologies that refer to religious values which thrive on existing social, political, and economic conflicts. Fundamentalist groups have become an essential part of the regional power mix in the Middle East, influencing political processes within the states as well as their mutual relations, and involving non-regional powers which see the processes taking place there as threats to their own and their allies’ security.

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