M. Ziya gölkap'in medeniyet ve kültür anlayişi
M. Ziya Golkap's Understanding of Civilization and Culture

Summary/Abstract: Culture and civilization concepts have changing meanings in Ziya Gökalp's ideas in regard to the issues Turkey laces, which are to get over „Western Problem“ and to reach a level of „modern civilization“. Therefore, he could not always attribute a valid meaning and function to these concepts, instead his expressions and definitions of these concepts are usually conflicting ones. He thought the principal way to solve civilization problem was to be Turkized and Westernized. While doing this, he tried to harmonize Islam with those two ideas and approached civilization issue from this aspect. As every Turkish intellectual who had born in „golden age“ of European Civilization, Gölkap saw this civilization's unpreventable rise and thought the only way was to adopt Western (European) civilization instead of Eastern (Ottoman), the representative of Eastern civilization. While doing this, he sought to find ways of reviving Turkish culture with modern approaches and to protect it against Western culture. Gökalp explained these searches in short, as „turning to the people/culture“, a synthesis was found in that „to be from Turkish nation, Islamic (...) and European civilization“ synthesis.

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