ARCHITEKTURA ROZWIĄZAŃ PRAWNYCH W ZAKRESIE ZRZESZEŃ BRANŻOWYCH ORAZ IZB GOSPODARCZYCH W SEKTORZE ZBROJENIOWYM
LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS OF CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE UN THE DEFENSE SECTORS

Summary/Abstract: The first official structure integrating business was founded in 1599 in Marseilles. Theoldest British association – The Glasgow Chamber of Commerce, was founded in 1783.The first ones in North America, both – Chamber Jersey and New York City Chamber -were established in 1768. Currently, the largest chamber - Paris Île-de-France RegionalChamber of Commerce and Industry - associates 800 000 companies, although some tradeorganizations in China integrates more than one million members. Considering thespatial influence chambers are divided into sectorial (community), regional/ municipal,national and international. The division of the chambers due to legal ownership (private,state and mixed) is also important. There are countries where affiliation of the chamberis mandatory, and states where voluntary integration predominates. The first occurs inthe continental Europe and Japan, while the second model is characteristic to AngloSaxoncountries (common law): USA, UK, Canada, but also to the Scandinaviancountries. There are also chambers provided with the power of public law. Nationalchambers are associated at the national level and at the international level, for examplein Eurochambers, World Chambers Federation, International Chamber of Commerce (asmultilateral chambers). Bilateral chambers always operate on the basis of national lawof the member affiliated. For example, in Germany defense industry companies areassociated both within the Federal Association of German Industry (BDI), landChambers of Commerce and Industry (IHT) and the Federal Association of GermanDefence Industry (Bundesverband der Deutschen und SicherheitsVerteidigungsindustrie,BDSV), which includes leading companies in relevant sector(Rheinmetall, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, Diehl, ThyssenKrupp Lürssen). An importanttype of chambers are these representing particular industrial (business) sector – forexample, metallurgical industry in Europe is integrated in both the national chambers, aswell as within the framework of international associations: The World SteelAssociation, Eurofer, or ESTA.

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