Różnice indywidualne ujmowane w terminach typów psychicznych Junga i stylów życia Adlera
Individual differences construed in terms of Jungian psychological types and Adlerian lifestyles

Summary/Abstract: Stern has drawn aention to the possibility of conducting research into the psychology of individual differences in a manner that treats nomothetic and idiographic approaches as being equal and complementary. Nevertheless, many psychologists, such as Stern, strongly deny the scientific value of the idiographic approach. Jungs’ conception of psychological types, as presented here, has been created using the nomothetic approach, and its basic assumptions can be verified using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Bearing in mind the fact that Adlers’ conception of lifestyles was formulated and verified using only the idiographic method of psychography, carried out in the context of individual courses of psychotherapy, I draw aention to the possibility of using, for this purpose, my own Action Styles estionnaire (ASQ), which offers some elements essential to the idiographic approach: e.g. a bipolar structural scale of individual preferences articulated in terms of cooperation with others on the one hand, and security and self-protection on the other (CO-SP) — one which may be considered convergent with Adlers’ description of creative and uncreative lifestyles. Psychometric data obtained from the students (N = 388) in respect of MBTI and ASQ were subjected to statistical covariation analysis (r-Pearson). Additionally, four homogeneous types were demarcated, using statistical cluster analysis. The final results obtained indicate that MBTI aitude scales (extroversion and introversion) are significantly covariant with the results for persons belonging to different types along the bipolar CO-SP scale. However, there were almost no differences between the results obtained when using ASQ scales and when using the scales for the three pairs of psychological functions measured by MBTI.

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