Slaptosios tarnybos vieta totalitarinėje SSRS
Positions of Soviet secret service in totalitarian Soviet Union

Summary/Abstract: Soviet Secret service was one of the main pillars of totalitarian soviet system. Bolshevik party formatted it’s policy according communist ideology, where violence, dictatorship were one of the most important elements. Soviet secret service helped to implements their goals, consolidate Bolshevik power and regime. But it did not implement just punitive, coercive functions, but Bolsheviks prescribed to them also political and ideological functions – to help to communist party implement it domestic and foreign policy, to protect communist system and ideology. Such functions made this institution exceptional in USSR. Despite such important functions the relationship between communist party and soviet secret service was quite complicated and changeable. If Cheka, GPU and KGB were strictly subordinated to the party, but Stalin made it his instrument in fighting with his personal enemies and used against party itself in the 1930s. In 1954–1991 Communist party tried to strengthen political and party control of KGB, but introducing party institution inside KGB and department of administrational agency. Party organisation organised and implemented educational and ideological work with personnel, that was important for the personnel motivation, influences its methods, usage of terminology. Department of administrational agency had some influence toward the personnel appointment. But these structures weren’t sufficient in controlling KGB. After Stalin’s’ death in 1953, when soviet began to change the way of implementation of it’s domestic and foreign policy, KGB also changed it activity and methods. KGB started more often to use ideological means and prophylactics, that just helped in hashing the dissidents. Ideological nature of KGB became more obviously in-occupied countries because of ideological treatment of people in occupied countries and of the antisoviet movement. It influenced KGB activity and used methods. KGB and communist party were the main pillars of communist regime in Lithuania. KGB help to communist to keeps its power, fights with the antisoviet powers in Lithuania and emigration.

• Details
• Contents