Instytucje demokracji bezpośredniej w szwajcarskim modelu demokracji konsensualnej
Direct democracy institutions in the Swiss model of consensual democracy

Summary/Abstract: Direct democracy institutions – referendum and citizens’ initiative – played an important role in establishing procedure of consensual democracy in Switzerland. They contributed to social integration and peaceful coexistence of different cultural, linguistic and religious group. The modern Swiss state, however, faces with the problem of the misuse of direct democracy institutions as campaign tools, platforms proclaiming populist slogans and forms of strengthen party’s image and position on political scene. This socio -political phenomenon stands in opposition to the main idea of the Swiss state – achieving consensus and compromise – causing sharp divisions in society and conflicts in political life.

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