Narodziny systemu penitencjarnego — analiza integralnokulturowa
The Birth of Penitentiary System; a Culturally Integrated Analysis

Summary/Abstract: The essay presents, from the perspective of legal and social culturally integrated studies, the theoretical discussion on the birth of modern penitentiary systems in Western countries at the turn of the 18th and 19th century. The analysis of factors stimulating the development of penitentiary systems is based on the well-established ideas in relevant literature, drawn on from historical studies. The paper attempts to look at the development of penitentiary systems from the perspective of its interplays with wider civilizational transformations in the societies of that time. A more in-depth inquiry into the ideas discussed in this paper and into their relations with modern penology and the theory of criminal law may be found in our book: Kara. Teoria i kultura penalna. Perspektywa integralnokulturowa [Punishment. Theory and Penal Culture. A Culturally Integrated Perspective], Warsaw, Warsaw University Press: 2010, the part of which, in its modified version, constitutes this text.

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