Bail-out bez bail-in? Restrukturyzacja banków Carige i Banca Popolare di Bari
Bail-out without Bail-in? The Restructuring of Carige and Banca Popolare di Bari

Summary/Abstract: The article analyzes the cases of two Italian banks - Carige and Banca Popolare di Bari - which received systemic support without the formal initiation of a resolution procedure. A comparison of both interventions shows that EU member states can effectively support failing banks while avoiding the bail-in of bank liabilities by using hybrid mechanisms. The article highlights the need to clarify the rules on resolution and state aid within the EU and underscores the tensions between the theory and practice of the Banking Union.

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