A PSYCHOSOMATIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
A PSYCHOSOMATIC APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

Summary/Abstract: Gastroenterological pathology frequently includes persistent symptoms that cannot be fully explained by organic changes, suggesting the involvement of psychosomatic mechanisms. The bidirectional interaction between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, known as the brain–gut axis, plays a key role in the development and modulation of digestive symptoms.Objective: To highlight the importance of the psychosomatic approach in the evaluation and management of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as the role of the doctor–patient relationship in clinical outcomes.Material and Methods: This paper presents a narrative review of the literature, complemented by the presentation of a clinical case illustrative of the interaction between psychological factors and digestive manifestations.Results: Conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia illustrate the role of the brain–gut axis, being characterized by visceral hypersensitivity, altered motility, and dysregulation of central pain processing. Psychological factors, including stress, anxiety, and depression, influence not only these functional disorders but also the course of organic gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and inflammatory bowel diseases. The doctor–patient relationship and the physician’s emotional responses can significantly influence the diagnostic and therapeutic process.Conclusions: The psychosomatic approach represents an essential component of modern gastroenterological practice. Integrating the psychological dimension into patient evaluation contributes to optimizing management and improving quality of life, highlighting the therapeutic relationship as an active element of treatment.

• Details
• Contents