LEGAL REGULATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: AN ANALYSIS OF ROMANIA AND BULGARIA
LEGAL REGULATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: AN ANALYSIS OF ROMANIA AND BULGARIA

Summary/Abstract: Climate change represents one of the most significant global challenges of the twenty-first century, requiring coordinated legal responses at international, European, and national levels. This paper examines the legal framework governing climate change within the European Union, with particular emphasis on its implementation in Romania and Bulgaria. The study analyses the evolution of international climate law, the legal foundations of the European Union’s climate policy, and the principal legislative instruments adopted to achieve climate neutrality. Special attention is devoted to the European Green Deal, the European Climate Law, the EU Emissions Trading System, and recent developments related to the Fit for 55 package. Furthermore, the research provides a comparative assessment of the legal and institutional mechanisms adopted by Romania and Bulgaria to implement European climate obligations. The paper identifies common challenges and differences in the two national systems and evaluates their effectiveness in supporting the transition towards a low-carbon economy. The study concludes by highlighting the growing importance of climate law as a distinct branch of environmental law and the essential role of legal instruments in achieving the European Union’s climate objectives.

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