Secţiunea IV. Dreptul Uniunii Europene Efectivitatea articolului 102 TFUE în economia digitală: reconcilierea aplicării dreptului concurenţei cu armonizarea maximă a DSA şi GDPR
Section IV. European Union Law The Enduring Effectiveness of Article 102 TFEU in the Digital Economy: Reconciling Competition Enforcement with Maximum Harmonisation under the DSA and GDPR

Summary/Abstract: This article examines the extent to which EU national competition authorities (NCAs) may apply Article 102 TFEU to sanction abuses of dominance by digital platforms in areas harmonised in full by the DSA and GDPR, without infringing Articles 49 and 56 TFEU. Building on the CJEU judgment in Meta Platforms/ Bundeskartellamt (C‑252/21), the study develops three argumentative pillars – effet utile, the ratione materiae relativity of maximum harmonisation, and the limits of fundamental freedoms – and proposes a three‑stage non‑contradiction test. The article first clarifies the very concept of maximum harmonisation and its application to the DSA/GDPR/DMA, then addresses NCAs’ competence under Article 102 TFEU, the Gebhard test, the effet utile principle and the Meta Platforms case study, before dialectically confronting the ‘incompatibility’ arguments with the ‘necessary compatibility’ counter‑arguments, formulating the non‑contradiction test, delineating what NCAs may and may not do, comparatively examining national practice (Germany, France, Romania, Poland) and formulating recommendations for institutional coordination at EU level.

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