INSTITUTIONS OF LAW ON THE TERITORY OF ROMAN DACIA
INSTITUTIONS OF LAW ON THE TERITORY OF ROMAN DACIA

Summary/Abstract: In the first section, entitled The Concept of Law, we will focus on the analysis of the distinction between public law and private law, made by Ulpian in the Institutiones, which is essentially valid even today: publicum ius est quod ad statum rei Romanae spectat, privatum quod ad singulorum utilitatem: sunt enim quaedam publicae utilia, quaedam privatum. The distinction between the two branches of law refers to the nature of the different interests they protect: public law protects public interests, and private law refers to the interests of citizens (ad singulorum utilitatem). In section 2, we will focus on the analysis of the regime of persons, according to which the free inhabitants of Roman Dacia were divided, before the edict of Caracalla, into three categories: Roman citizens, Latins, and peregrini. In section 3, entitled Obligations and Contracts, we will analyze several documents, called wax tablets, that were discovered in the gold mines near Alburnus Maior. In total, twenty-five tablets were discovered, of which fourteen have a fully or partially intelligible text, and eleven had a content that cannot be used. Of these tablets, four refer to purchase-sale contracts; one wax tablet includes a partnership contract, and another refers to a deposit contract, etc.

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