СРАВНИТЕЛНА УПОТРЕБА НА КОЙТО/КОЯТО/КОЕТО/КОИТО И ТУРСКИТЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ С -DIK, -(Y)AN, Kİ В ПРОЦЕСА НА ОБУЧЕНИЕ ПО ТУРСКИ КАТО ЧУЖД ЕЗИК
COMPARATIVE USE OF BULGARIAN RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND TURKISH RELATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS (-DIK, -(Y)AN, KI) IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING TURKISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Summary/Abstract: This article investigates the contrastive use of Bulgarian relative pronouns (който, която, което, които) and Turkish relative constructions (-DIK, -(y)An, and ki) in the process of learning Turkish as a foreign language. By analyzing student corpora, the study identifies the main difficulties faced by Bulgarian learners, arising from morphological, syntactic, and semantic differences between the two languages. The analytic structure of Bulgarian, with explicit marking for gender and number, contrasts with the agglutinative structure of Turkish, where relative relations are expressed through nominalized verb forms and possessive affixes. The study shows that learners often employ compensatory strategies, such as ki constructions, which facilitate communication but lead to stylistic and morphological inaccuracies. Finally, didactic recommendations are provided for targeted practice of relative constructions, visualization of morphemic structure, and contrastive comparison with Bulgarian, aiming to optimize the learning process and reduce language interference.

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