Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in Romanian Dual Education: The Role of Basic Psychological Needs and Self-Perception in Student Engagement
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in Romanian Dual Education: The Role of Basic Psychological Needs and Self-Perception in Student Engagement

Summary/Abstract: This study examined the role of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in shaping engagement among Romanian dual-education students. A sample of 433 adolescents (aged 15–19) completed measures of perceived UDL principles implementation, basic psychological need satisfaction, self-perception, and learning engagement/disengagement. Results showed that UDL implementation positively predicted student engagement, but also, unexpectedly, learning disengagement. UDL was strongly associated with satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs, as well as with students’ self-perception. Mediation analyses indicated that psychological need satisfaction, especially competence, explained the link between UDL and both engagement and disengagement, while self-perception mediated only the relation with disengagement. These findings suggest that UDL has meaningful motivational benefits in dual-education contexts, but inconsistent or unbalanced implementation may contribute to ambivalent outcomes. Strengthening coherent, autonomy-supportive, and competence-enhancing practices is essential for maximizing the positive impact of UDL on adolescent learners.

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