WPŁYW NIEFORMALNYCH I FORMALNYCH ELEMENTÓW ŁADU SPOŁECZNEGO NA DZIAŁALNOŚĆ PRZEDSIĘBIORCÓW W POLSCE PO 1945 ROKU. WNIOSKI Z BADAŃ EMPIRYCZNYCH
THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMAL AND FORMAL ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL ORDER ON THE ENTREPRENEURS' ACTIVITY IN POLAND AFTER 1945. CONCLUSIONS FROM EMPIRICAL RESEARCH

Summary/Abstract: Purpose | To identify the causes of informal and formal elements of social order that affect the effectiveness of entrepreneurs' work. Research method | Using in-depth qualitative interviews with entrepreneurs. They included entrepreneurs working in the profession for at least twenty years and representing the microenterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises sector. Results | Tradition and habits, i.e. the culture of place, have a significant impact on decisions made by entrepreneurs in everyday business practice. In the People's Republic of Poland, due to the violation of the principles of informal order by the communist authorities, and especially of the tradition of private property ownership by citizens, a special role of informal interpersonal contacts was observed. It allowed entrepreneurs to run individual businesses. After 1988, the rights of citizens to own private property were restored in Poland. The constantly changing legal order, and, at the same time, the low quality of the work of the justice system and of the treasury apparatus, result in the fact that entrepreneurs still consider the so-called traditional cultural habits as primary in running a business. Originality / value / implications / recommendations | Using entrepreneurs' statements, it was proven that informal order plays a significant role in entrepreneurs' decision-making. It is the foundation of values implemented in the company, which directly shape the individual character of the organisation. In order to increase the efficiency of entrepreneurs' work, it is necessary to improve the work of the justice system and to abandon the repressive policy of the tax authorities.

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