KRYTYCZNE CZYNNIKI SUKCESU UCZELNI PUBLICZNYCH A KOMPETENCJE ODPORNOŚCI W OPINII KADRY KIERUJĄCEJ WZMACNIAJĄCE SUKCES W SYTUACJI KRYZYSU
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES AND "RESISTANCE COMPETENCES" IN THE OPINION OF MANAGEMENT STAFF THAT STRENGTHEN SUCCESS IN CRISIS SITUATIONS

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article is to assess the success of public universities in Poland and its critical factors, as well as to identify the "resilience competencies" of management staff that, in their opinion, influenced their success during the Covid-19 pandemic. The indicator method (analysis of financial indicators: ROA and ROE) was used to assess the success of public universities in Poland. The subject of the analysis conducted in 2025 regarded the financial statements for the years 2019-2022, which included the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. The CAWI method was used to assess the critical success factors (CSF). The opinion of 53 people from the management staff (rectors, deans and chancellors) was collected in the initial period of the pandemic. When developing the survey questionnaire, the diagnostic survey method was used and inspired by the rankings of universities, both national and international (ARWU, The World University Ranking, U-Multirank, Webomatrics, Perspektywy). The CSF was estimated using the arithmetic mean, and the "resilience competencies" were identified based on the opinions of the management staff using disjunctive choice analysis. The results of the conducted research show that during the pandemic, public universities achieved success measured by efficiency. The management staff of higher education institutions indicated 5 CSF: research excellence, educational excellence, university image, graduate outcomes and international cooperation. The results of the conducted research revealed 15 resilience competencies that, in the opinion of management staff, strengthened the success of universities. The conducted research provides added value in terms of testing resilience competencies that significantly strengthen success in unpredictable crisis situations.

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