A magyar kisebbség a csehszlovák külpolitikában a második világháború végén és a befejezését követő hónapokban
The Hungarian Minority in Czechoslovak Foreign Policy at the End of World War II and in the Following Months

Summary/Abstract: In the history of the Hungarian minority in Czechoslovakia, the final stage of World War II and the post-war months represent an exceptional period from a foreign policy perspective. During this time, Czechoslovak government policy aimed to establish a Slavic nation-state and to eliminate the German and Hungarian minorities. These months saw the birth of the presidential decrees and the regulations of the Slovak National Council which, based on the principle of collective guilt, were intended to serve the formation of the nation-state. The situation and future of the Hungarian minority became a key issue not only in the relations between Czechoslovakia and Hungary, but also caught the attention of the Allied powers' diplomatic services. The Allies were interested in preventing the escalation of conflicts between the two countries and contributing to the settlement of the minority question. The exchange of diplomatic information, notes, and negotiations significantly influenced the fate of Hungarians in Czechoslovakia. The Anglo-Saxon powers explicitly stated that the Czechoslovak government could not take unilateral steps regarding the total or partial transfer of the Hungarian-speaking minority and urged bilateral negotiations. Ultimately, under pressure from the great powers—primarily the Soviet Union—the Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange agreement was signed, which temporarily eased the tension between the two countries.

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