ILUZJA RZECZYWISTOŚCI - JAK OBRAZY I FILMY SŁUŻĄ DEZINFORMACJI?
ILLUSION OF THE REALITY - HOW DO IMAGES AND VIDEOS SPREAD DISINFORMATION?

Summary/Abstract: This article analyzes the role of images and video materials in the proces of disinformation within the digital environment. The aim of the study was to identify mechanisms of visual manipulation - such as altering the context of photographs, the use of DeepFake technology, and the dissemination of memes - and to assess their impact on audience perception and the shaping of propaganda narratives. The research is based on an analysis of selected cases, including attempts to portray the events in Bucha as staged and the spread of DeepFakes featuring Vladimir Putin and Volodymyr Zelensky. The study also examines the function of memes as carriers of simplified yet highly influential ideological messages. The methodology applied included content analysis, a review of relevant literature, and an evaluation of the impact of visual messages on public opinion. The findings indicate that images - due to their apparent authenticity and emotional appeal - serve as exceptionally effective tools of informational manipulation. In conclusion, the article highlights the need to internsify media literacy efforts and to implement effective mechanisms for verifying visual content in the digital space.

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