CULTURAL AND STRUCTURAL BARRIERS TO INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION IN COCONUT OIL PROCESSING: INSIGHTS OF POLICY ANTHROPOLOGY IN KAMPAI ISLAND, INDONESIA
CULTURAL AND STRUCTURAL BARRIERS TO INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION IN COCONUT OIL PROCESSING: INSIGHTS OF POLICY ANTHROPOLOGY IN KAMPAI ISLAND, INDONESIA

Summary/Abstract: Knowledge and practices of coconut oil processing on Kampai Island, North Sumatra, now only exist locally. They are mostly practiced by women over 45 years of age, with only 2-3 continuing to practice it. This is deeply concerning. This article explores cultural and systemic challenges in passing on knowledge and skills for coconut oil processing within the Kampai Island community. The research uses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and policy anthropology. This study used qualitative ethnographic methods, including observations, in-depth interviews, and a literature review. Data were analyzed using a modified version of Spradley's ethnographic analysis. The research shows a change in the economic value within the Kampai Island community. Previously, self-produced coconut oil was the preferred way to meet household needs. Now, palm oil is used for its practicality. One barrier to knowledge transmission is reduced motivation among the older generation. They see palm oil as a more rational choice. Young people see no urgent need to learn these skills. Structural factors worsen the problem. These include the expansion of oil palm plantations, an unfavourable coconut marketing system, and a lack of policies to revitalise coconut groves. Julian Steward's theory of cultural adaptation shows that the community has adapted to the market dominance of palm oil. However, this shift has eroded local knowledge and created social vulnerabilities, especially dependence on palm oil. Revitalising coconut oil processing requires an integrative approach. This must combine cultural recognition, economic incentives, pro-community policies, and cross-generational and stakeholder involvement.

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