Postrzeganie mediów w Polsce jako "czwartej władzy" w latach 2016-2023: aspekt sondażowy
Perception of the media in Poland as the "fourth estate" in 2016−2023: survey aspect

Summary/Abstract: The primary research objective of the article is to check whether in the years 2016−2023 (the period of the Law and Justice party's rule) there were any changes in perception of the media by the public as the "fourth estate". The operationalisation of this research objective is to test four hypotheses. Their verification is based on the analysis of the literature on the subject and existing data (survey data). The result of this analysis is the confirmation of three of the four research hypotheses. Research outcomes demonstrate that in the years 2016−2023 a dichotomy between the perception of various aspects in public and private media functioning, which became increasingly visible at the level of public opinion in Poland. The role of the media as the "fourth estate" was also less and less noticeable in public opinion.

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