PRACTICA OBIECȚIEI DE CONȘTIINȚĂ CA EXPRESIE A LIBERTĂȚII DE CONȘTIINȚĂ
THE PRACTICE OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION AS AN EXPRESSION OF FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE

Summary/Abstract: The practice of conscientious objection as an expression of freedom of conscience. The legal practice of conscientious objection—by which individuals attempt to prove the sincerity of their nonviolent beliefs and thereby receive a form of individualized accommodation—emerged in the struggle for increasing administrative power. The practice of conscientious objection therefore tended to take an administrative form, as executive officials—rather than courts—became responsible for judging the sincerity of individual conscience. This approach to the question of conscience accompanied a more general orientation toward administrative decision-making in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as an increasingly interconnected world demanded expert and adaptive management of workers, property owners, immigrants, and soldiers. In this study, we aim to provide a brief radiograph of this process fundamental to freedom of conscience.

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