Migranci i edukacja. Perspektywa międzynarodowa i polska
Migrants and education. The international and Polish perspective

Summary/Abstract: The main aim of the research is to analyze selected data on the educational achievements of students of migrant origin - from an international and Polish perspective. The main problem is the question: does the migration background of students affect their educational achievements? The applied methodology is the analysis and interpretation of data from (primarily quantitative) international, official, and national research. Most students with an immigrant background speak a language at home that is different from the language in which they took the PISA assessment. This language barrier can be especially difficult to overcome for first-generation immigrant students. Comparing the results of 15-year-olds does not provide grounds for claiming that the higher percentage of migrant students is related to the weaker results of a particular country. However, in many European countries these differences are significant and very clear. The majority of people who came to Europe were less educated and did not have any profession. It can also be assumed that this is the main reason why the children of immigrants in Europe integrate much worse. The results of the eighth-grade exam conducted in Poland in 2024 - compared to 2023 - show that students from Ukraine have slightly improved. However, their achievements, although worse than those of Polish students, should be assessed positively. There has been a deepening of "normalization", manifested in a shift from perceiving students from Ukraine in terms of war refugees to the terms of special educational needs. A deepening separation between Polish and Ukrainian students was also found, which may indicate that despite the increasingly better functioning of Ukrainian students in Polish schools, some of them (their families) treat Polish education as an episode. In many cases, students of migrant origin achieve worse educational results, though this is not always the case. Probably, apart from the socio-economic status of parents, the good results of migrant students may also be influenced by cultural conditions related to the country of origin - this applies to the Southeast Asian region.

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