Současná česká exonymie – na příkladu toponym z území Maďarska
Contemporary Czech exonymy – Illustrated with examples from the territory of Hungary

Summary/Abstract: This paper investigates the current forms of Czech exonyms for settlement names in contemporary Hungary (e.g. Budapešť – Budapest, Pětikostelí – Pécs, Segedín – Szeged). Drawing on data from the Czech National Corpus SYN, version 12, it compares the frequency characteristics of exonyms (adapted forms) and endonyms (original forms), their case form distributions, and stylistic markedness across various text types (opinion journalism, scholarly literature, and fiction). Frequency analysis serves as the basis for proposing a new, empirically grounded classification of exonyms into active and historical categories. The analysis of the selected toponyms, supported by measurable data, pointed towards contemporary Hungarian exonyms as actively used linguistic units in Czech. While the Index of Czech Exonyms (the basic standardization handbook) classifies six out of the fifteen units as historical based on somewhat vague criteria, our empirical approach yields a different result: only four units (Budapešť, Debrecín, Komárno, and Šoproň) fulfill the criteria for active (living) exonyms. When applying the criteria established in the previous research focused on German-speaking regions (Germany, Austria, Switzerland), only the form Budapešť would meet the characteristics of a living exonym. The study also raises broader questions concerning the comparability of national exonym systems and whether existing criteria can be used universally or require adaptation to reflect the specific characteristics of a particular toponymic system (e.g. population size or territorial extent of the country).

• Details
• Contents