Peculiarities of the functioning of the labor market of Ukraine under the conditions of war
Peculiarities of the functioning of the labor market of Ukraine under the conditions of war

Summary/Abstract: The article examines the nature and fiction-related features of the labor market theoretically and during the war in Ukraine. Characterised are the theoretical aspects of how the labor market functions. In particular, the character of the main concepts related to the labor market — such as the meaning of employment and the labor market salaries — were considered. Ukrainian labor market functions were identified. The main problems of the labor market in Ukraine are emphasized. In the pre-war economy, they included lack of motivation, the shadow labor market, and a high level of labor migration abroad. The Ukrainian labor market in the years 2018–2023 was analyzed. It was concluded that it had undergone significant changes from the start of the full-scale invasion until now. Despite efforts of the authorities and international support, and due to the continuation of military operations, the problems of the Ukrainian labor market are worsening. 4.8 million jobs were lost due to the destruction of production facilities and infrastructure. Because of the demand drop for goods and services of enterprises within the national economy and war damages, operating businesses suffer losses and are unable to provide a decent level of wages to employees. Due to forced migration and mobilization of the population, there is a shortage of labor in certain sectors of the national economy. The main risks of such problems are identified as a decrease in the qualifications of the labor force, an increase in the employment of women, involvement of women in physically difficult and harmful jobs, an increase in the involvement of disabled people, and the use of child labor. As a result of the research, several steps were proposed to restore the labor market and bring it out of the crisis. It is recommended to implement government programs for the reintegration of internally displaced persons, incentivise enterprises towards motivation and self-development of personnel, intensify participation in international programs and projects, as well as promote the development of startups.

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