ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY AND THE INTEGRITY OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY AND THE INTEGRITY OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS

Summary/Abstract: This article examines the profound impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human rights and democratic processes, with a focus on its use in electoral campaigns. Building on the principles enshrined in Articles 19 and 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it explores how generative AI technologies, such as deep fakes, microtargeting, and manipulative narratives, threaten the integrity of electoral processes and undermine voters’ autonomy. The paper emphasizes the ethical dimensions of AI use, highlighting frameworks such as consequentialist, deontological, and virtue ethics as essential tools for guiding responsible AI development. Furthermore, the study underscores the risks posed by the opacity of AI systems and the challenges of ensuring accountability in automated decision-making. Concrete measures are proposed to mitigate these risks, including enhancing algorithmic transparency, labeling AI-generated content, limiting personalized advertising, and enforcing sanctions against malicious uses. The article also underscores the critical importance of digital education and international cooperation in establishing global standards to protect democratic integrity and fundamental rights. By analyzing the regulatory landscape and presenting a case study of Romania’s 2024 presidential elections, it highlights the urgent need for effective safeguards to counteract manipulation and bolster public trust in democratic institutions. Inan era where technology is reshaping democracy, fostering ethical, transparent, and inclusive AI useis paramount to ensuring free and fair electoral processes.

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