ФИЗИЧЕСКИТЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ КАТО РЕХАБИЛИТАЦИОННА ИНТЕРВЕНЦИЯ ПРИ ПАЦИЕНТИ С ОНКОЛОГИЧНИ ЗАБОЛЯВАНИЯ: ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЪРХУ УМОРАТА, ФУНКЦИОНАЛНИЯ СТАТУС И КАЧЕСТВОТО НА ЖИВОТ – ЛИТЕРАТУРЕН ОБЗОР
PHYSICAL EXERCISE AS A REHABILITATION INTERVENTION IN CANCER PATIENTS: IMPACT ON FATIGUE, FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND QUALITY OF LIFE – A LITERATURE REVIEW

Summary/Abstract: Cancer rehabilitation is a key component of comprehensive care for cancer patients. It has the potential to reduce cancer-related morbidity and healthcare costs by supporting prevention, recovery and maintenance of function. Interventions implemented in different phases improve patients’ physical and psychosocial status and quality of life. Objective: To summarize the existing evidence on the effectiveness of cancer rehabilitation, including the phases of interventions, appropriate settings for care provision and multidisciplinary strategies to optimize outcomes. Methodology: The review includes an analysis of publications, clinical guidelines and empirical studies related to exercise, rehabilitation and multidisciplinary care in patients with cancer. The main focus is on interventions for physical activity, prevention of disability, functional recovery and improvement of quality of life. Results: Oncology rehabilitation includes preventive, restorative, supportive and palliative interventions that are implemented in inpatient, outpatient and home settings. They cover physical activity, training, stretching and prevention of complications such as lymphedema. Effectiveness is assessed through indicators of quality of life, functional mobility, cognitive and psychosocial functions, fatigue and return to work. A multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal clinical outcomes and improves the overall well-being of patients. Conclusion: Oncology rehabilitation is a critical element of cancer patient care. It contributes to the prevention of complications, accelerates recovery and improves quality of life. Its integration into multidisciplinary teams is recommended for optimal clinical outcomes. Physical activity is recognized as an important part of the treatment and supportive care of patients with cancer. It has a positive impact on physical and psychosocial health, helping to mitigate the effects of treatment. However, there are a number of barriers that limit the use of exercise.

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