ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ МНЕНИЕТО НА ПРЕДУЧИЛИЩНИ ПЕДАГОЗИ ВЪРХУ САМОСТОЯТЕЛНОСТТА НА 5 6 ГОДИШНИТЕ ДЕЦА
RESEARCH ON THE OPINION OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS ON THE INDEPENDENCE OF 5-6 YEAR-OLD CHILDREN

Summary/Abstract: In the conditions of a dynamically changing social environment, the formation of personal autonomy and independence in preschool children is becoming increasingly important. This scientific paper examines the views of preschool educators on the manifestations and development of independence in children aged 5 6 years. The theoretical framework encompasses scientific views of various authors related to autonomy, volitional qualities and the role of play, emphasizing the importance of a stimulating educational environment and freedom of choice. The empirical part of the study is based on a survey conducted among 42 preschool educators from kindergartens in the municipality of Burgas. A partially standardized author's survey was used, including both closed and open questions, to collect data on the attitudes and observations of educators on the independent behavior of children in various life situations participation in family life, choice of activities, self service and decision making. The results show that most respondents support assigning responsibilities to children in accordance with their age, with 67% indicating that five year old children have obligations in the family with good organization by parents. More than half of teachers (57%) believe that children can independently choose activities outside of kindergarten, which reflects modern pedagogical approaches that encourage autonomy. Regarding self care, 36% of respondents believe that children prepare for sleep independently, while the rest indicate a need for help or reminders. The most pronounced dependence is in making decisions about choosing a gift 76% of respondents identify the parent as the main decision maker, which emphasizes the limited opportunities for children's initiative in socially significant situations. The study confirms the importance of autonomy as a key factor for personal development, socialization and preparation for active civic life, in accordance with the goals formulated in the Preschool and School Education Act.

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