ФУТБОЛ В ОДЕСІ У ПЕРІОД РЕВОЛЮЦІЇ: ПРИКЛАД «МАККАБІ» В ДРУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ 1918 – 1919 РОКАХ
FOOTBALL IN ODESA DURING THE REVOLUTION: THE EXAMPLE OF «MACCABI» IN THE SECOND HALF OF 1918-1919

Summary/Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze the conduct of football competitions in Odesa during the revolutions. The author considers sport not only as a form of leisure, but also as one of the elements of social and political mobilization of the population in the conditions of the political confrontation of 1918-1919. The research strategy is based on the involvement of a set of methods that are most often used in humanities studies – analytical and synthetic, descriptive, retrospective, historical-genetic and quantitative, which are selected within the limits of local history. Scientific novelty is determined by the lack of publications not only on the declared issues, but also by ignoring the coverage of the development of football on the territory of Ukraine in the specified period of time. The work is summarized by the conclusions that during the period of social transformations, sport remained an important element of leisure for the population of Odesa, although it was on the periphery of social priorities. In addition to the competitive goal, the «Maccabi» society implemented other tasks - the mobilization of the Jewish community around the ideology of Zionism and the spread of these ideas among various categories of society. In such a situation, football matches with the participation of the «Maccabees» were supposed to perform an agitational function, however, without the involvement of additional sources, it is impossible to fully determine the level of effectiveness of such a technique. The successes of the association’s management include the involvement of almost all the city’s leading performers of Jewish origin in the «Maccabi» football team, which became the foundation for achieving sports results that can be traced only fragmentarily in the 1918/1919 season, as well as the active involvement of athletes in the creation of self-defense units. It was not possible to find information about the holding of official tournaments in Odesa during the spring and summer of 1919.

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