СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧНІ МОНАСТИРІ ЄВРОПИ ЯК ЧИННИКИ ІСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ДИНАМІКИ
MEDIEVAL MONASTERIES OF EUROPE AS FACTORS OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL DYNAMICS

Summary/Abstract: The activity of European monasteries during the Middle Ages is considered. The essence of the monastery as a community and a complex of religious buildings is characterized, its role in the spread of reading, enlightenment, the development of book and library work, the preservation of the achievements of ancient culture, the development of education and upbringing, the accumulation of elements of medieval scientific knowledge. The history of monasteries is associated with the practice of creating the so-called gardens of the Middle Ages, the popularization of the concept of a garden as a place of solitude and restoration of strength. Medical practices are also known, which combined theological realities and the socalled "church medicine". The important role of monasteries in the spread of Christian doctrine, the formation of a worldview and the establishment of moral ideals of medieval society in a historical context is also noted. The founders of the monastic system contributed to the formation of the idea of serving God through serving the monastic community. The conclusions state that rethinking the activities of medieval monasteries in Europe should help modern man in defining new worldview guidelines, tempering spirituality to confront the threats and challenges of today.

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