ПАРРЕСІЯ ЯК ПАМ’ЯТЬ ЖАНРУ І ТЕКСТУ В ТВОРЧОСТІ ВОЛОДИМИРА ВИННИЧЕНКА-ЕМІГРАНТА (ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ МІШЕЛЯ ФУКО)
PARRESSION AS THE MEMORY OF GENRE AND TEXT IN THE WORK OF VOLODYMYR VYNNYCHENKO-EMIGRANT (INTERPRETATION BY MICHEL FOUCAULT)

Summary/Abstract: This article investigates the intricate concept of «genre memory» in literary studies, connecting it with Michel Foucault’s notion of parrhesia (fearless truth-telling). It explores how these theoretical frameworks apply to the life and emigrant literary and political works of Volodymyr Vynnychenko. The Aim. The main goal is to analyze parrhesia as a philosophical concept interpreted within genre and textual memory in contemporary literary criticism. Specifically, it demonstrates how Foucault’s political, ethical, and philosophical dimensions of parrhesia are embodied in Vynnychenko’s activities and writings, particularly during his emigration period. Methodology. The research utilizes theoretical and comparative literary analysis, integrating concepts from established literary theory and Foucault’s philosophy of parrhesia. It involves a detailed textual analysis of Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s diaries, journalistic articles, letters, and selected novels (e. g., «Slovo za toboyu, Staline!»), examining them as manifestations of parrhesiastic discourse. This interdisciplinary approach combines literary, philosophical, and cultural analysis to interpret his creative and biographical output. Conclusions. The study concludes that Volodymyr Vynnychenko consistently exemplified the parrhesiast throughout his political and literary career. His works, including diaries, journalism, and novels, served as crucial platforms for expressing uncompromising truth and fulfilling a profound moral duty, often at considerable personal risk. Vynnychenko’s embodiment of parrhesia aligns precisely with Foucault’s five core characteristics: frankness, truth, danger, criticism, and obligation. His unwavering commitment to «honesty with oneself» and his readiness to challenge authority highlight parrhesia’s enduring relevance for understanding intellectuals and politicians who assert uncomfortable truths, particularly amidst censorship and political repression. Through his fearless discourse, Vynnychenko made a unique and significant contribution to the formation of Ukrainian identity.

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