Римокатолически реформистки движения в Западна Европа: историографски и богословски аспекти
Roman Catholic Reform Movements in Western Europe: Historiographical and Theological Aspects

Summary/Abstract: Reform movements within the Roman Catholic Church, such as Jansenism, Gallicanism, Febronianism, and Josephism, emerged between the 17th and 18th centuries as reactions against the centralization of papal authority and in search of spiritual, institutional, and national renewal. Jansenism is a theological movement emphasizing the primacy of God’s grace, predestination, and moral rigor. It opposed Jesuit casuistry and sought the spiritual purification of the Church. Gallicanism, which originated in France, aimed to limit papal power and affirm the independence of the French Church and secular authority from Rome. Another church movement, Febronianism, was a reformist idea in Germany focused on reducing papal primacy and strengthening the role of bishops and church councils. Josephism, on the other hand, was the church policy of Emperor Joseph II, aimed at subordinating the Church to the state, rationalizing worship, and limiting the spiritual authority of the Pope. The common goal of these movements was the modernization and decentralization of the Catholic Church in the spirit of religious reform, the Enlightenment, and the affirmation of national sovereignty.

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