Time-Interacting and Systems-of-Systems’ Evolving: Lessons Identified from the Russian-Ukrainian War (2022–2024)
Time-Interacting and Systems-of-Systems’ Evolving: Lessons Identified from the Russian-Ukrainian War (2022–2024)

Summary/Abstract: Warfare is a sphere where different systems of systems emerge, exist, develop, and are transmitted and influence future frameworks of interaction between constituent systems. The war in Ukraine demonstrated a very wide circle of different constituent systems, starting from personnel and command and control, and finishing new weapon systems and information technology or other tools. It is a complicated mission to incorporate, with projected efficiency, all kinds of weapons and other tools provided to Ukraine by the members of the international coalition from more than forty countries from different regions of the world. The general challenge for commandersand scientists are how to ensure the most suitable interaction of constituent systems to gain some of the unique capabilities. The theory of systems of systems promises results which could ensure the effect or series of effects on the adversary to cause him to refuse from force missions. The key feature of similar systems of systems and constituent systems is their short time of existence and variable life cycle, so mission-oriented interaction of constituent systems demands synergy in cognitive, physical and information domains.

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