ZAKAZ PARTII „ANTYLIBERALNYCH” – INSTRUMENT OCHRONY CZY ZAGROŻENIE DLA WSPÓŁCZESNYCH DEMOKRACJI? ANALIZA TEORETYCZNA I JEJ EMPIRYCZNE IMPLIKACJE
THE BAN ON „ANTILIBERAL” PARTIES – A PROTECTIVE MEASURE OR A THREAT TO MODERN DEMOCRACIES? THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND ITS EMPIRICAL IMPLICATIONS

Summary/Abstract: The presence of ‘antiliberal’ parties on the political scene in European countries raises thequestion of how democracies can counteract this challenge. The aim of this article is to answerthe question of whether and under what conditions the paradigms of banning political partiespresent in the legal systems of contemporary democratic states are an adequate and legitimateinstrument, from the point of view of liberal democracy, for responding to ‘anti-liberal’ parties. Can the instrument of party banning present in Polish law protect democracy from suchthreats? What alternative repressive instruments present in Polish law can limit the activitiesof ‘antiliberal’ parties? The study is based on the theoretical concept of ‘militant democracy’ andPeter Niesen’s concept of three paradigms of political party bans: Anti-Extremism, NegativeRepublicanism, and Civic Society. The article presents the results of a content analysis of thelegal regulations present in the Polish constitution and the 1997 Penal Code.

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