SURİYE İÇ SAVAŞININ TÜRKİYE VE RUSYA ÜZERİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI VE İKİLİ İLİŞKİLERE ETKİSİ: NEOKLASİK REALİST BİR BAKIŞ
THE REFLECTIONS OF THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR ON TURKEY AND RUSSIA AND ITS IMPACT ON BILATERAL RELATIONS: A NEOCLASSICAL REALIST PERSPECTIVE

Summary/Abstract: This study examines Türkiye and Russia’s policies on Syria within the framework of neoclassical realism, analyzing the effects of these policies on their bilateral relations. The main hypothesis of this study is that the Syria policies of Turkey and Russia are shaped not only by the pressures and opportunities presented by the international system, but also by domestic political dynamics, leadership strategies, and the perceptions of decision-makers. The research identifies that Türkiye’s Syria policy has been significantly influenced by domestic factors, particularly the solution process and its subsequent breakdowns. On the other hand, Russia’s military intervention in Syria is shown to be driven both by global power competition and domestic political objectives. Tensions between Türkiye and Russia related to the Syrian crisis peaked with incidents such as the jet crisis. However, the strategic interdependence between the two countries led to a re-establishment of cooperative relations. Joint initiatives such as the Astana and Sochi processes reflect their efforts to safeguard national interests and promote regional stability. The study reveals that Turkey and Russia operate with different strategic objectives and domestic political priorities, yet the necessity for cooperation has enabled them to develop joint solutions to the Syrian crisis. In this context, the analysis provides a comprehensive exploration of how foreign policy choices are shaped through the interaction of international and domestic factors.

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