Aspecte canonice ale reorganizării instituțiilor pentru pregătirea viitorului personal bisericesc în România anilor 1945-1955. Studiu de caz: Episcopia Clujului
Canonical aspects of the reorganization of institutions for the training of future church personnel in Romania between 1945 and 1955. Case study: the Diocese of Cluj

Summary/Abstract: Between 1945 and 1948, the main legislative act adopted by the communist government regarding theological education was the establishment of the Ministry of Cults and Religious Affairs, by Decree-Law No. 384/11945. The decree separated denominational theological education from state education, the aim being to reform it from the ground up once the communists had succeeded in taking full legal and political power throughout the country. In 1948, after coming into power, several legislative acts were enacted that were unfavorable to theological and religious education in state schools: 1) The Constitution of 13 April 1948; 2) Decree No. 175/1948 on the reform of education; 3) Decree No. 176/1948, on the confiscation of church property; 4) Decree No. 177/1948, on the Law for the General Regime of Religious Cults; 5) Decree No. 178/178 on the reorganization of the Ministry of Religious Worship. The legal effect of these laws was to remove religious classes from schools, abolish theological seminaries, confiscate property belonging to seminaries and denominational schools, abolish theological institutes, and reduce their number to three. The Church adopted several canonical measures aimed at responding to communist interference. In the 1948 Statute of the Romanian Orthodox Church (BOR), three types of theological schools were provided for the training of future church personnel. These are the Schools of Church Singers, Monastic Seminaries, and University Degree Theological Institutes. The Church also adopted two regulations to ensure the proper functioning of these theological schools. The first one is the Regulation on the organization of educational institutions for training the church personnel of the Romanian Orthodox Church (1948) and the second one is the Regulation on the organization and operation of educational institutions for training of church personnel and the recruitment of teaching staff from the Romanian Patriarchate (1953).

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